How did the Great Depression affect Latin America?

In the book: The technology trap capital, labour and power in the age of automation by Carl Benedikt Frey he states that a couple of economic historians estimate 28% of the labour force in the 17th century were 'merchants or artisans' as well as a general 'growing middle class' I'm interested in the way this actually happened, for example, how did an individual peasant go from working on a lords farm to owning his own small business? and how we're so many able to do it?

From my limited knowledge about him, he seems to lack a few “distinguishing traits” associated with serial killers. He feels more like a criminal of oppertunity/a con-man? Is that accurate?

I'm aware of the use of homing pigeons during WWI, I'm mostly wondering about further back in history, like during "Roman times" or during the Napoleonic wars.

Does anyone have any examples of and info on the subject of the romans Crucifying entire families? Thank you

I’ve read “Amazons” were strictly Greek myth and if so I apologize. But did any strictly warrior women, or tribes run/governed by mostly women ever exist, anywhere?

The only prior precedent for a queen regnant was Henry I's attempt to get his daughter Matilda recognized as queen and it led to a devastating civil war.

Hi historians! I am doing genealogical research on my 3rd Great-Grandfather, Levi Rothschild.

Levi immigrated to the US from the Landgraviate or Hesse-Kassel in 1851, arriving in NYC at age 23. 11 years later, he was enrolled in the NY 103rd Infantry (the Sew-ard Infantry), Company F “German Rifles.” He enlisted as a private on April 21st, 1862. His regiments joined with the Dept. of North Carolina, who by the time he deployed would have already failed at their attempt to destroy the Dismal Swamp Canal.

Here’s where it gets strange. The unit would have seen quite a bit of action by the time he arrived in VA/NC. They likely saw action in many skirmishes and engagements thereafter, but I am novice at navigating the records and timeline.

There’s a gap, and then, a twist. Levi’s muster roll that he died by suicide at Newport News, VA in July of 1862. This seems odd, and I will elucidate as to why.

1. There is a note in the “notes section” of the muster roll from June (before his declared death) that reads: “June 20/62: Levi Rothschild (enlt, p.c. as above) present not p.d. No (latest?) record found.”

2. Levi resurfaces in NYC soon after, has more children with the same wife, responds to multiple censuses as living in the same apartment with the same address, and has another death date in the early 20th century. I am quite confident that these are not two similar people with the same name.

3. Levi shows up in 1865 on a draft exemptions list, showing as being exempted that year due to “varicose veins”.

My questions: knowing that 45.000 NY’ers deserted (the most of any union state by far) is that the best assumption? Fake suicide or a cover up of the desertion by officers trying to save face?

What does the note on the muster roll mean?

Any clarity would be hugely appreciated, as well as any info about his unit history. Thank you!!

Was the rhetoric about becoming a Kami believed by most people?

My ninth great grandfather Cornelius Johnson was fined 50 lbs of tobacco for "not working in the High ways." What does that mean?

Made this question before but didn't have any luck.

I do know there were urban civilizations in the Sahel, West, the Horn and the eastern coast of Africa, but why didn't these leave lots of monuments like temples and fortresses,or writings about religion or even bureaucracy? Again, this is not a veiled provocation, but an honest question.

I'm looking to buy this book, but can't find any scholarly reviews. Are there things I need to be aware of before reading this book? What are it's shortcomings/strengths?

Hi, I’m new to this sub so please excuse me if I inadvertently break any rules.

I’m interested in history, especially the Plantagenet and Tudor eras, and I’m confused that there are three men described as “The 1st Duke of Suffolk”

William de la Pole 1396-1450 Charles Brandon 1484-1545 Henry Grey 1517-1554

Please can a historian explain how this can be so, as I would have expected that Charles Brandon would have been the 2nd Duke, and Henry Grey the 3rd Duke. Why are they all described as the 1st Duke?

Hopefully somebody can help me figure this out.

It probably goes without saying that opening the tomb didn't actually activate a Mummy's curse that prompted Nazi Germany to invade the Soviet Union, but the little details are often repeated for the purposes of sensationalism, particularly the idea that the archaeologists opened the tomb just days before the invasion began, that the local people warned them against messing with such things for fear of superstitions like this, that when they opened the tomb they found an inscription stating

“When I rise from the dead, the world shall tremble”
“Whosoever disturbs my tomb will unleash an invader more terrible than I am”

and that the archeologists decided to close the tomb back up and return the remains with full honors buried in Islamic tradition just before the Battle of Stalingrad decisely turned against the Germans. Can any of this stuff be verified at all, such as the supposed curse written on the grave or the Soviets returning the remains just in time for a major victory?