What are the best books on Ancient Rome, Ancient Greek, the Crusades, the Age of Discovery, the French Revolution&the Napoleonic Wars, World Wars I&II, the Cold War?

What are the best books on Ancient Rome, Ancient Greek, the Crusades, the Age of Discovery, the French Revolution&the Napoleonic Wars, World Wars I&II, the Cold War?

And I am also interested in the Middle Ages overall(from cultural, social, religious, etc. standpoints), the histories of Japan and other Middle East countries(as I have no idea about those, I would really appreciate some guidelines).

Since I am not a scholar, I would appreciate something accessible for a layman, but still, not overly simplified.

And if you have any other suggestions on periods, wars, etc. that are especially significant and present interesting and important ideas and concepts, I am looking forward to your suggestions.

1 Answers 2020-01-08

Guy Black, Restorer and Collector of ex-military aircraft from the 1st World War to the 2nd World War.

I have recently had published by Grubstreet a book on the recovery from Rajastahn, India of two First World War bombers and rebuilt them - one for our own collection and the other was sold to the Imperial War Museum. I have written a book about this long journey this called 'From Ruin to Restoration - the Extraordinary Story of the Discovery in India and return to Flight of a Rare W.W.1 Bomber". This is the only original 1st WW bomber flying in the world. Happy to answer questions on this or any related to aircraft restoration.

10 Answers 2020-01-08

Why are the majority of serial killers from USA?

I've found this link to Radford statistics about serial killers and on page 14 it states that USA has more than 19 times the amount of serial killers than the second country on the list, which is England.

Is this just a statistical bias? Are the serial killers cases from other countries just never caught or maybe not even reported and therefore it looks like other countries have fewer serial killers?

It seems hard to believe that India and China, who combined have more than third of worlds population, "produced" only around 150 serial killers while USA has thousands.

1 Answers 2020-01-08

Floating Feature: Fly on in and share the history of 1599 to 1706! It's Volume IX of 'The Story of Humankind'!

9 Answers 2020-01-08

Short Answers to Simple Questions | January 08, 2020

Previous weeks!

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13 Answers 2020-01-08

Did the prophet Muhammad have hunting dogs?

I do alot of reading on dogs and one book I read mentioned the prophet Muhammad had hunting dogs but most Muslims are anti dog. So I was really wondering what evidence is there that he owned dogs?

1 Answers 2020-01-08

What allowed Finland to become so developed?

1 Answers 2020-01-08

It's the mid-1950s and I'm a reasonably well-informed, newspaper- and news magazine-reading American. How obvious is it that the Guatemala and Iran coups d'état happened with heavy input from United Fruit and Anglo-Iranian Oil, respectively?

3 Answers 2020-01-08

The famous Victorian rake Alexander Meyrick Broadley was accused of 'homosexual offences' whilst in India in 1872. Would this necessarily imply sexual contact with another white male, or would an accusation from or concerning an Indian male be penalised in this way?

1 Answers 2020-01-08

Why did the Spanish and Portugeuse Empires reach their territorial peaks much earlier in comparison to the British and French Empires?

Spain and Portugal's Empires seemed to peak around the 18th Century whereas the French and British empires peaked in the late 19th/early 20th Centuries. Why were France and Britain 'late to the party' so to speak?

1 Answers 2020-01-08

What were the award criteria for WW2 British figher pilots?

Specifically, I'm asking about such awards as the Distinguished Service Order, the Distinguished Flying Cross/Medal and the Air Force Cross/Medal.

For comparison - the Luftwaffe decoration system of the time period was relatively ordered, with awards given to fighter pilots generally depending on the number of air-to-air kills. E.g. in 1942-1943 it was roughly as follows:

Iron Cross 2nd Class - 2 to 5 air-to-air kills
Iron Cross 1st Class - 8 to 10 kills
Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe and German Cross in Gold - no consistent criteria, both being optional "in-between" awards before receiving the Knight's Cross.
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross - 50 kills
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves - 100 kills
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords, as well as higher levels of the award - unique or outstanding achievement, such as being the first pilot to get 150 or 200 kills or leading a fighter squadron under extremely adverse conditions.

The Soviet system, while far more irregular and politicized, also had some general guidelines, such as the Order of the Patriotic War being awarded for 2 (2nd class) and 3 (1st class) kills, or the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union awarded for 10 kills (30 for second award).

I tried to figure out the system in use for British and Commonwealth fighter pilots based on the information from Wikipedia:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_aces_from_the_United_Kingdom

but came up short. As you can see, pilots with similar numbers of air-to-air kills, flying similar aircraft, could nevertheless have very different number of awards. Reading the award citations wasn't of much help, either - for instance, the DFC could be awarded for as few as 3 or as many as 7 downed enemy aircraft, with Bars to DFC and DSOs being awarded even more irregularly.

So, the question is: how did the RAF higher-ups decide what and when to award figher pilots? Was there some resemblance of a centralized scoring system, or were decorations entirely unrelated to the number of air-to-air kills? How did they decide whether to award the DSO, the DFC or the AFC?

P.S. This is outside the scope of this question, but if anyone has any information regarding the awards earned by US fighter pilots of the time, it will also be much appreciated.

1 Answers 2020-01-08

Did the Empire of Kitara exist? What was it? (4th try)

The info I can find online (for free) is extremely sparse. It seems like the Empire of Kitara was a political entity of the Bunyoro people that held influence over the African Great Lakes, but a lot of the info is apparently based on contradictory folk tales. What's the truth here?

1 Answers 2020-01-08

In his will, Emperor Augustus adopted his wife, Livia, as his daughter. He had already adopted her son, Tiberius, making them legally siblings. How would other Romans see this new legal relationship?

I have read that adoption was treated very seriously by the ancient Romans where adoptees would be considered equal to any biological children. Was this also the case in the above situation? If not, what made this different. If it was, were Livia’s responsibilities as a mother/sister blurred at all?

1 Answers 2020-01-08

Were ww1 and ww2 veterans really compensated poorly as people say ?

G.I bill historically was considered an economic success ,

However many people claim that Military people weren't compensated well .

Is this true ? Was the adjusted compensation act etc really not enough ?

And how high and what benefits did WW1 and ww2 veterans get ?

1 Answers 2020-01-08

What was the Roman publishing industry like?

In my hobbyist understanding of history, I get the impression that literacy following the Roman Empire was much lower than during the Empire. The idea of monks painstakingly copying text in monasteries explains why literacy and written sources in general would be hard to come by before the printing press.

So how did the Romans do it? I imagine literacy was still low compared to modern times but how did texts like Caesar’s conquest of Gaul, various military manuals, the numerous Roman historians, etc. reach our era without wide spread distribution? Especially since it’s presumed that loads of written material has been lost over the centuries, it appears the Roman publishing industry must have been pretty sophisticated. How did the Romans copy and distribute these well known texts?

1 Answers 2020-01-08

Why did officers carry swords/pistols into battle if they were less effective than rifles?

I heard that it was

  1. A status symbol, how pistols were more expensive and swords needed good training to use effectively, which only the upper classes had access to.
  2. The pistol was used to keep the men disciplined at the threat of execution, being able to fire more rapidly than muskets or older rifles which took a while to load.
  3. Infantry officers rode horses even though they led foot soldiers, and pistols were easier to carry.

But what use is this in combat, especially if the officer is a valuable target? I see movies where the officers shoot their sidearms in more modern wars where the enemy is far away.

1 Answers 2020-01-08

Did capitalism face resistance in England and Western Europe from feudal forces when it was initially being developed, be it from internal or outside forces? If so are there any descriptions of what this resistance was like?

As we all know, socialism has faced stiff resistance and conflict with capitalism since its conception. Capitalist and socialist movements/countries have been fighting one another since the October Revolution. I'm curious if any resistance occurred in the early days of capitalism from feudalism (for lack of a better word) and, if so, just what this conflict was like. Was it mostly internal conflicts between lords and capitalists or were there any of an external nature, different countries fighting to establish their preferred economic system? Or was the transition to capitalism more evolutionary and gradual? I'm specifically curious about England and Western Europe given that these were the first pockets of capitalism that the world saw.

1 Answers 2020-01-08

What was the “Wild West” really like?

I’m watching “The West” by Ken Burns right now and we am really interested to know how much is folklore and truth. Were duels really a common thing in the Wild West? How common were brothels? What is folklore and what is truth?

1 Answers 2020-01-08

Why did Wang Mang try to ban slavery?

In Wang Mang's brief but disastrous interruption of the Han Dynasty, he made a number of (in)famous reforms, one of which was the abolition of slavery through the empire. Do was have any records of why he did this? Was it inspired by a deep moral conviction, was it part of his grander socioeconomic strategy, was it some combination of the two, or something else?

1 Answers 2020-01-08

World War 2 draft question

During World War 2 when 30 something year old men, who were successful business leaders and business owners were drafted did they start as privates or were they give higher ranks based on there experience?

1 Answers 2020-01-08

So apparently, Anatolian hieroglyphs may have been an independent invention of writing. Same with the Minoan writing, and who knows how many others. How many times exactly has writing been invented, and why is it estimated to be so low when I see these other cases?

1 Answers 2020-01-08

If the poem Ozymanidas by Percy Shelley is referencing Ramses II, why is he given the title “king of kings”? Isn’t that a Persian title?

The poem Ozymandias famously includes the plaque reading “My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look on my works ye mighty, and dispair!” Now Ozymandias was what the Greeks called Ramses II, so I assume the poem is referring to him. Yet, the title King of Kings was primarily used by Persian Rulers, such as with Cyrus the great. So was this simply an anachronism by Shelley or did Egyptian rulers actually use this title?

1 Answers 2020-01-07

Can "cruisers" be currency?

Hi there everyone. So I have been reading a history on Clemens von Metternich and the Napoleonic Wars, and I kept finding the mention of "cruiser" as some form of currency. So does anyone have any idea what a "cruiser" is?

2 Answers 2020-01-07

What was Christmas like on British navy ships during WW2? my grandfather was on an arctic convoy guard ship during the war and I never thought to ask this well he was alive.

...I meant to ask this last week

1 Answers 2020-01-07

What is the best of finding credible biographies?

I recognise this is a very broad question and likely one with no real answer, but I thought I'd at least try asking. I've recently becoming interested in reading about a variety of historical figures, but there doesn't seem to be an obvious way of verifying the credibility of biographies or even just historical writing in general, at least for laymen. Of course, certain books will get published reviews, though rarely, and I could check the reviews on Amazon or Goodreads but I have no way of knowing if the reviewers have the credentials to really comment on the accuracy. Obviously, this very sub might have recommendations, but I don't want to spam it every single time I want to read about a new historical figure. Perhaps there's no solution - thoughts?

1 Answers 2020-01-07

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