Since North American contact happened right around the same as the Christianization of Iceland, many of the Vikings were split between Christianity and Paganism, Lief Erikson himself was a Christian. So would the majority of the Vikings in North America be Christian, Pagan or maybe split evenly between both religions?

I really doubt it, because i believe inmates were treated too bad to be compared to physically and psychologically healthy persons.

I‘d be very thankful for an answer and apologize sincerely for my bad english, for it isn‘t my mother tongue.

Hello guys,

This question might have been answered before but the answers I read so far didn't satisfied me. My questions comes from the sheer size fo armies during middle ages compared to classical, hellenistic, and late antiquity. I know that governance system relly more on feudal levies than state controlled armies, so this obviously had an impact over the size of armies.

Still it amazes me,how a city like rome during the punic wars could gather a 40.000 size army, being beaten, recruit another one, and beat Cartago; but for the Third Cruzades Three Kings ( who happened to control close to 70% of western europe's landmass) couldn't gahter the same amount of people.

So even if afeudal system explains part of the size difference, it's an incomplete explanation. From what I read Byzantines during the X century could have a tagmata force around 15.000 men, this trembles to the size of the armies of diadiochs, or roman republic , or even some greek cities, even though we know Byzantine Empire did not relly on feudal levies.

It's also worth noticing the huge size of barbarians armies some roman generals, incluidng Julius Caesar, noted. I know their stimates are more likely an exageration, still that a man who had several legions under his command like Julius Caesar was amazed by the size of the armies that gauls could muster, means something. How come some tribal lords could gather more men than a middle ages KIng who had a broader state aparatus than any tribal leader could ever had?

The only suitable explanation for me, is that the armies wer smaller because the recruiting pool was smaller. The question is how much? Is there any demographic chart that compares medieval population vs antiquity population? How much was the difference? Are there any other explanations we can think?

My great-grandmother was from Pomerania and was expulsed by the Soviets after the war was concluded. I recently took an interest on the subject and I read truly shocking things: Namely the massive number of Germans ethnically cleansed and the shocking death toll.

With most German towns after the Oder-Neisse completely depopulated, it's citizens stripped of their belonging and subject to atrocities and being one of the biggest ethnic cleansings to ever occur, the expulsion was a human rights violations in an enormous scale.

With a death toll estimated to be in 400k and two million and a half, would it be considered a genocide?

Do we have any evidence for how samurai or ninja were actually trained for battle specifically? Like curriculum, tests or things they had to accomplish before they were ready to send into battle?

I'm curious to investigate the differences in how modern traditional martial arts training is vs actually training for real battle historically.

Innocent III presided over arguably the peak of the Catholic Church’s secular power and is responsible for much of what we think of the Church as today, but he’s a lot less known than other popes and it’s a lot harder to find good information about him. Any medieval historians who can help me out here?

Why it was primarily in America, but not in those 2 regions?

To word the question more effectively, was a Ronin able to become a Samurai if they were hired by a master or lord? Was them being hired even possible? Or was being a Ronin considered a temporary state of being, like unemployment is nowadays?

More specifically: I'm trying to figure out when steel started being reliably usable instead of purer forms of iron. Cursory research (on Wikipedia) informs me that the plate armour of the late middle ages and the renaissance were made of steel. Looking into the development of iron and steel prodcution, in England specifically, seems to imply that homogenous steel was only available with the development of puddling in the 18th century. Were weapons and armor before that made from blister steel? Wrought iron? Both? If so, how common was each kind? I am an absolute amateur so if the question contains false premises, I apologize and am looking forward to being corrected. :)

It also said that neither Chinese nor European muskets used the rack-and-pinion so I’m really curious to what this meant and how it affected Ottoman gunnery

Hello all!

Some time ago I stumbled upon some source, maybe a blog post, article or something, that described legal procedures and questionings concerning accidents during fencing training. I remember that investigation was very aggressive, but I'd like to read the text again. I think the text was spesific to 16th century Germany, but I'm not sure about the date anymore. Does anyone happen to remember this source or know the spesifics concerning investigation process like this?

Thanks in advance!

Isn't it possible that the Illiad and the odysey were a result of multiple authors over hundreds of years before being wrote down? Was there a primary source who met him?

Was there any organized move to help the displaced Russian gentry after the revolution? What kind of work could I expect to find with my (presumably) limited skill set? Assuming I've escaped with only the clothes on my back, what are my options with regard to housing and sustenance?

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It always struck me as odd that Jamestown had a wall around the colony. Were they wary of the Native Americans? Did they think the French or Spanish may attack? If they did, would the wall have given them any amount of reasonable protection?

You'd think it would have been less prone to sabotage if it was in Germany rather than in an occupied country.

To what extent did the SA government censor news/books during apartheid? What happened to people that didn't "play ball" and are their any examples of newspapers/authors who created anti-apartheid content from within the country?

Thanks :)

I've heard a lot about Rome's "black emperor" Septimius Severus, though all I've been able to verify on my own is that he was from where we would now call Libya. Of course, photography didn't exist back then, so all we have are paintings, yet I've seen this man depicted with a dark skin tone in old depictions as well as lighter tones. Could somebody explain this to me? Thanks!

I found some kopeks when I went to a friend's house who collects coins, but neither of us could fully understand how the economic cycle worked.