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ERA is reported as the total innings pitched, with the fractional part reported as a 0, 1, or 2 after a decimal point. Who decided to use this as a stat? When was it first used? Was there any debate about this method? In other words, who discussed it and what was the discussion?

I have searched the Internet for a while now and only found conflicting answers about which state in America it was created in. A concise answer would be greatly appreciated as this is very frustrating.

Hey guys, today while I was working on a project I had a side thought.

Today we are able to use DNA companies that show what areas of the world we are from. We are also still able to analyze DNA that is fossilized(not necessarily to show regions). And I remembered how people theorize where Native Americans came from, people believe even they came to the Americas prior to Columbus. So I did some searching and people can't solidly say where. There are a couple markers indicating Siberian, but only two. Some of Australian areas as well.

So why can't we source Native Americans like we can source ourselves currently?

From what I remember in history class, Lithuania was the last European country to adopt Christianity and abandon paganism in the 1400s, but did any notable pockets/portions of populations maintain a pagan faith well into the modern era?

It always seemed interesting to me that religions such as the Ancient Greek and Roman religions, which retain so much beauty and contributed so much to society, would be able to sort of “vanish” over time.

Lastly, I’m aware that in modern times there has been a resurgence of ancient European polytheism but would prefer to focus on continuous groups.

Wasn't Lithuania much larger than Poland before the union of their thrones? Why did Poland inherit so much of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania?

What are some good books out there about England during the middle ages? There's so many that it's hard to filter through them all. Also preferably something fun to read, not dry slow information books. Thanks

Its nothing elaborate and i was just wondering why we stopped using it, it seems to me like a really effective way of execution and cost effective.

The aim of their wars was somewhat similar (taking China back from Japan and taking parts of Spain from the Nationalists), and even the factional issues within the countries were similar (Barcelona during the May Days, seeing the anarchist CNT-FAI and POUM fighting the Republic and Communists and the New 4th Army Incident between the Nationalists and Communists). Both countries had ties with the Soviet Union, both parties had alliances with the Communists, and their initial timelines were similar (‘36 during Spain and ‘37 during China). In fact China was already in a far worse position than Spain, dealing with Japan AND a civil war years before Spain did. Indeed, China didn’t get much outside support besides the Flying Tigers until 1942 when Stilwell showed up. So why did China get priority(after 5 years of holding alone) and Spain was left to fall?

Just like the title says. I've been looking for why this was the largest concert in history, but all I can find is the fact that it was the largest concert ever. Finding details on this specific event has proven to be difficult for me, but I may be looking for information in the wrong places. Was there any incentive to showing up to a Rod Stewart concert, besides hearing "Da Ya Think I'm Sexy" live?

I know that there' more and more evidence of medieval women working in crafts and as stonemasons either indepdendently or taking over a shop, and I know there is some evidence of medieval nuns as manuscript painters, so I was curious how much surviving material there was, what evidence there is of specific projects and work on them, and if there is any medieval architecture surviving that can be confidently attributed to women stonemasons and architects.

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Hi I don't know if this is the right place to ask about this but here it goes:

I got offered a place to study my PhD at a UK university but I had to defer my start to next year as I could not secure funding in time. Aside of those options offered by the University, I have been looking for funding throughout the UK but, since I am am not a UK nor a EU/EEA citizen, most of these funding options are closed to me. I have been looking at funding in my home country but options are very limited (though easily secured).

However, and as I was thinking I might as well apply to everything that is available, I was wondering if anyone know about institutions/organisations in the UK which provide either partial or full funding for overseas students?

After reading the first third of Mary Beard's SPQR where she mentions the Roman Social Wars, she elaborates on the massive tensions between the Italians and the Romans. I was confused by this because I had always assumed that the Italians during the time of the Roman Republic WERE Romans. What distinguished the two?

During the early modern period in Europe, witch trials shifted from apparently credulous judicial believings to more critical appraisals. Was this shift in part due to the development of epistemological arguments about the nature of witchcraft or supernatural phenomena?

I've heard a few perspectives. Some being that they were ridiculously high, and others being that they were at times lower than the taxes levied on Muslims. So which was it? Was it always the same, or did it fluctuate?

Edit: I'm particularly curious about the earlier caliphates.

Reading up on the background of the conflict, it seems like quite a mish-mash of competing interests. In a very broad sense I guess it fits into the proxy conflicts of the Cold War, but what about for the grunts on the ground.

What would a SADF private feel he was doing there?

How varied would the driving forces behind the various groups fighting against them - SWAPO, MPLA, etc. - be? Were they different enough that someone would specifically be seeking one out rather than the other, or was it more just 'join up to fight'?

Cuba specifically is perhaps most interesting given how far off they came, so what would they especially think they were there for?