I’m an English heir of a noble house whose been away for 10 years warring in the holy lands. When I come back, all my family has died, who do I have to prove to that I’m the legitimate successor and how would I go about this?

Was there a centralised department for England which could provide proof, or was the burden of proof solely on me and based on my own honour, documentation (if I had any) and patrons supporting my claim? Could I realistically be a fraudster and get away with it? Could i appeal to a higher power such as a court or king a potentially incorrect verdict?

1 Answers 2019-01-25

Friday Free-for-All | January 25, 2019

Previously

Today:

You know the drill: this is the thread for all your history-related outpourings that are not necessarily questions. Minor questions that you feel don't need or merit their own threads are welcome too. Discovered a great new book, documentary, article or blog? Has your Ph.D. application been successful? Have you made an archaeological discovery in your back yard? Did you find an anecdote about the Doge of Venice telling a joke to Michel Foucault? Tell us all about it.

As usual, moderation in this thread will be relatively non-existent -- jokes, anecdotes and light-hearted banter are welcome.

11 Answers 2019-01-25

WWII 1945 the Germans were facing a Russian opponent who had a eight to ten to one superiority in troops. Russian artillery and tanks were numerous. The Russians had plenty of ammunition (apart from smoke and white phosporous). How did they achieve this overwhelming superiority?

1 Answers 2019-01-25

Is there a reason that Ivan IV Vasilyevich's suffix 'Grozny' is translated as Terrible? Is it simple translation error or was there a propaganda reason behind it?

1 Answers 2019-01-25

Suggested Books, Articles, Etc. on America’s Early Militia

What are some good books, articles, or other resources that discuss America’s early militia (militia that were used during the American Revolution and perhaps a few decades after). I have become much more interested in the topic after visiting the Museum of the American Revolution, in Philadelphia. Any suggestions would be appreciated.

1 Answers 2019-01-25

How did baseball become so big in Japan?

1 Answers 2019-01-25

Apparently Chinese feared at the turn of the twentieth century that their country would be carved up like Africa by Western powers. Was there any real chance of this (considering that China was a centralized country, and not as divided as Africa), or was their fear for naught?

2 Answers 2019-01-25

I'm a 14th century bohemian peasant. While working my farm I see a knight with a flag I don't recognise. Should I assume he's an enemy? Did peasant's know what to look out for should someone attack?

1 Answers 2019-01-25

what is this? why is there a satanic symbol on it? it looks hebrew. what does it say?

https://i.redd.it/a0qg24puzhc21.jpg

what is this? why is there a satanic symbol on it? it looks hebrew. what does it say?

not sure if fake. looks like its on display, perhaps at a museum

1 Answers 2019-01-25

Why did Japan not try to take all of Hawaii at the outset of war with the US?

Japan was capable of launching a surprise attack that damaged much of the US Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor. Why did they not seize the initiative and their sudden naval superiority and try to seize the part of the US most vulnerable to naval attack, and at the same time deny the US its strongest foothold in the Pacific?

2 Answers 2019-01-25

Why did the young girls of Salem lie?

I'm listening to the podcast Unobscured. I'm only a handful of episodes in, so while I understand the puritanical context that led to the crowd hysteria, I don't understand why the girls lied.

The girls I'm referring to were the 'victims' attacked by fits and spectral forms of citizens. Why? Was it just for the attention and power trip? Surely that couldn't be all of it.

1 Answers 2019-01-25

Suggested Readings on Mesoamerica?

Hey everyone! I’ve always had an interest in historical great civilizations. Recently my gaze has been drawn to Mesoamerica. While I have no higher historical education on the subject I do find it interesting and fun, like a hobby. If you have any great reading suggestions for a university student to read in his free time I would be more than happy to hear them! Thank you!

1 Answers 2019-01-25

How do archaeologists and historians collaborate?

Let's say a historian has a theory that could be validated by archaeological research. Does s/he try to find an archaeologist interested in performing the relevant fieldwork?

1 Answers 2019-01-25

After WW2, the Nationalist Chinese forces were more numerous, well-equipped, enjoyed extensive US support, and had most of China under their banner. What advantages did Mao's Communist forces have that allowed them to overcome such an enemy?

1 Answers 2019-01-25

Did the European countries expect their colonies in Asia and Africa to one day become independent? if so, why take the risk of getting colonies, if they expect them to lose someday

2 Answers 2019-01-25

Did German Immigrants drive Argentina's wheat production?

Hello!

I remember reading about how German immigrants in Argentina brought with them the knowledge of wheat harvesting. Before the German immigrants the Argentinians didn't produce much wheat, after they were one of the top wheat exporters. I am having trouble finding a good source for this.

Does anyone have any insight to confirm or deny this?

​

Thanks in advance!

1 Answers 2019-01-25

How were violent criminals dealt with in Native American (North America) society?

I realize the scope of this question is very, very broad, so I guess if I needed to be specific, I’m thinking the Native cultures of what is now the Eastern US and Canada.

Recently I read part of an interview with a Native American man who said, “we never had a wall. We never had a prison...” Apart from the obvious fact that nothing like the modern American prison system existed until quite recently even in the Western world, it got wondering: How did Native society deal with people beloved to be guilty of violent crimes like murder, rape, etc?

1 Answers 2019-01-25

Did the Australians fight the Nazis during the Battle of Thermopylae? (serious)

Wikipedia has an article on the 1941 Battle of Thermopylae which apparently saw Australians fight the Nazis at the same pass King Leonidas and the 300 Spartans defended over 2000 years prior. The article in question cites a single source which has since 404ed; every other source I've found appears to have copied the Wikipedia article.

My question: is the 1941 Battle of Thermopylae a real (but very obscure) battle or just a hoax someone posted on Wikipedia?

1 Answers 2019-01-25

Where did medieval Europeans get drinking water from?

The stereotype of medieval Europe is that people only drink alcohol because that’s their only sanitary option. I’m no historian, but I’m reasonably sure that this is exaggerated based on my classmate’s response to a beer-only diet.

Rivers seem like the obvious source, but not every human lived near one. What are alternative sources that people used? I can’t imagine that wells were that easy to install, and certain climates seem like they’d be less than permissible of the practice.

1 Answers 2019-01-25

Slavery seems to have a very prominent role in the popular conception of the Roman Empire, then sort of seems to fade away and become relevant again during the 17th-19th centuries. To what extent and how was slavery practiced in Western Europe following the collapse of the Western Roman State?

1 Answers 2019-01-25

When the passengers on the Mayflower first arrived, what was it like? To be specific, the very second they stepped off the boat.

1 Answers 2019-01-24

Why and when did summer breaks begin to become the norm in academia?

No other industry has a massive break during the year, I’m curious how and why this began and when? Were there always extended breaks for school?

1 Answers 2019-01-24

In English we have names for historical figures like "Alexander the Great"/"Catherine the Great", "Ivan the Terrible", or "Suleiman the Magnificent". Are these always directly translated the same way or are their titles different depending on the culture/language?

For example, in a land that doesn't look favorably on Alexander, what do they call him?

Do their titles vary much in other languages?

Have their titles changed over history with chroniclers assigning different names or did they stay pretty much the same?

3 Answers 2019-01-24

Would it have been possible to live through WWII in one of the major nations, while being completely unaffected by the war?

For example, if you were just an ordinary old guy living in a random German city that happened to not get bombed, would the war have affected you too much at all?

1 Answers 2019-01-24

How is a bifacial Archeulean hand axe better than an Oldowan hand axe?

I would have thought that having two opposing blade edges would make it harder to use without cutting yourself. The Oldowan hand axe has a single edge with a nice fat grip opposite it. How was the Acheulean hand axe held and used?

1 Answers 2019-01-24

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