Article 5 in The North Atlantic Treaty only counts if the attack occurs on a member's territory which is above the Tropic of Cancer, meaning that the Argentine invasion of the Falklands Islands was not eligible to trigger Article 5. Why was this made so restrictive in the treaty? And was there any interest from the UK's allies in helping in the conflict anyways? (I know the US provided satellite images and logistical support).

(I asked this question a week or so ago and received no answer)

When we hear about the Roman military, we usually consider the elite troops to be either the cavalry (equites) or the heavy legionnaires. Lightly armed, harassing troops such as the velites were often non-citizen auxiliaries, and were considered less prestigious than equites or legionnaires. I'm not sure of all the roles the equites played, but I'm assuming it was primarily the same role as cavalry played in other militaries (flank and charge enemy infantry formations, and cut down fleeing enemies). Cavalry would also make for good reconnaissance, which is part of what special forces do, but not all.

In the later empire, another form of elite troops is the Praeotian Guard, although those were more politically elite than militarily so - serving as bodyguards and sometimes plotters or emperor-makers.

From the purely military standpoint, however, do we know of any Roman missions we may define as "special operations" by today's standards (in a more active and targeted role than mere reconnaisance or harrassment)? Such as operating behind enemy lines, attacking enemy supply lines, assassinating or kidnapping enemy VIPs, raiding or sabotaging forts and installations? Did legions have dedicated units responsible for such operations? Or did the Romans prefer settling scores the old-fashioned way, by marching in and destroying the enemy outright, without resorting to clandestine operations?

Question is about slavery in America, but answers pertaining to other instances of slavery through the ages would be welcome as well.

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Both Burrough's The Land that Time Forgot and Doyle's The Lost World (duh) come to mind as exemplars of the the "Lost World" trope in which intrepid European explorers stumble upon a secluded sanctuary of dinosaurs/last holdout of an ancient people. What are the origins of this trope, and how connected is it to the emerging fields of paleontology and archaeology of the time? Were they inspired by the exploits of Hiram Bingham, Howard Carter, and the like? How did this influence later pulp magazine stories?

How were noble prisoners treated during medieval times and in the Renaissance? Good and well fed or stuffed in a dark hole. I am asking about both periods because I know that some were allowed to move around freely and were only held by oath in captivity. What confuses me is the case of the earl of Bothweel who died held in a hole in the ground at the end of the 16th century.

My grandmother is a post-WWII Czech/Slovak refugee who came to NZ in 1948. I would like to interview her about her war years in Europe and her early years as an immigrant.

I understand the basics of asking questions and mostly just listening, I've interviewed a few people for my university magazine, but I'm wondering about the specifics of a historical interview.

For instance, I'm aware of asking questions the subject is capable of answering instead of going for broad strokes they are unqualified to answer, but I'm not sure about the real nifty gritty of it all.

What do I do with it once I've recorded it? Where does it go? Is it useful for anyone other than me? I'm considering looking at postwar immigration to New Zealand for my masters, and this seems like too good an opportunity to pass up.

I know there's a methods post on the subject, but if there is any more specific info that would be very helpful- methods you use that are rewarding, things to be wary of, things to consider.

Cheers

Do we have any record of his reaction to the holocaust?

More specifically my question pertains to the origins of the instrument. Was it brought over from Europe or was it developed in the Colonies? Why does it seem to be most popular in the Ozark mountain area? Is it related to other held string instruments like the Banjo and the Guitar or was it developed separately?

All documentaries on ancient Greece or Rome play a certain type of music (which sound, well, ancient - mostly flute and lyre). But I thought that musical notation was a more modern invention, so outside of actual instruments used, do we know what Greek/Roman music actually sounded like?

First of all, apologies if this is in the wrong place.

My mum and I have always been curious to what my Grandad saw/did during WW2. Unsurprisingly he never wanted to speak about it, and didn’t, up to his death in 2002.

We have a few details but we honestly don’t know where to begin or if it is even possible?

He was Sgt WBH (sometimes WB) Bird and have an item that reads W.BIRD PL.X1883.

Amongst other bits and pieces, we also have two passes/identities(?) for HMS Revenge and HMS Repulse, and a photo outside St Peters in Rome on the 10th March 1945, with a handwritten note “this is the one I want you to keep” which is the closest we have to knowing where he was.

From 44-50, there were massive population transfers/ethnic cleansing throughout Eastern Europe. How many people were moved and what was the death toll? Were these ethnic cleansings or population transfers?

I know a bit about the German experience (but not much) and was curious specifically about the Schneider commission. Apparently it found a death toll of 2 million. I have heard that is inaccurate. Could someone explain why?

Why did these population transfers/ethnic cleansings take place?

Surely they didn't believe Germany wouldn't try such a route again? Was the only reason for such quick German success in the West because of tanks and "Blitzkrieg," or was it poor French planning?

I was trying to find a definitive answer for this on Google and in a few subreddits but could not find a satisfactory answer. A lot of sites seemed to contradict each other or only had partial lists of how many lovers Zeus had. Everyone seems to make fun of Zeus for all of his sexual partners, so I'm just wondering what a complete list would look like.

And to clarify: if there was some magic babymaking that didn't involve actual sex should probably count in this list too.

Thanks for helping with my curiousity!

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The holiday season is upon us and I have been asked to give my family a book list to help them buy me gifts. Cheating of Christmas spirit aside, have any of you been impressed by any (semi) recently published books on American history? I tend to gravitate towards the Civil War and military-focused histories that take cultural/economic context into account, but I'm pretty open to anything.

Thanks for the help!

In the 50’s people imagined the future to be some atomic utopia whereas people from the 80’s thought of the future as a cyberpunk dystopia.

What did people in medieval times think of the far flung future. Did they envision space travel? Or were they preoccupied with dying from wars and disease