For example, Why is Imperial Germany (1871-1918) considered the second reich but the weimar republic is not?

Post WW2 of course there is not mainstream support for considering Germany as it stands today to be a fourth Reich as it has connotations with Nazi/fascist rule, but with past distinct periods in German history why are some considered Reichs while others are not? Is a Reich determined when the leader of Germany at a given period dubs the era a Reich or it is retroactively given the title when analyzing it's history?

How far back do we have accounts of the images/symbols used for war? The war standards and symbols inscribed on temples, shields, flags, clothing, helmets, weapons, etc?

I'm researching icons/images/designs (standards) used by warriors and armies throughout history. I am a Jiujjitsu competitor making kimonos and rashguards, wanting to channel these images.

Thank you!

I suppose they couldn't call it NATO then, but you get what I mean.

Just something I started thinking about. I knew that in feudalism nobles took a large chunk of the food made by farmers in exchange for protection and yada yada, but I cant remember a specific percent for the life of me. Couldn't find one online either, though I did just do a very surface level search. I know this question is likely pretty broad, but I'm okay with broad answers.

Inspiration: my wife and I have been watching M*A*S*H, which portrays a not-so-subtle level of fetishization of Korean and Japanese women. Were these feelings present during the war, or are those scenes inspired by the time at which the show was written?

In high school I was taught that the purpose of the electoral college was to give lower population states greater equality in the presidential election. Lately in political discussions it seems that the sentiment of the system being set up to benefit southern slave owners has grown. This sentiment is also used to present a pain point with our election system that frequently allows the presidential popular vote loser to win the election.

From my understanding the electoral college was established by the founding fathers long before the civil war. I am wondering if there is a historical event that occurred that gives cause to the this growing sentiment I am seeing over the past few years. Thanks!

It's a question that's been bugging me for a while.

Historical sources are material and most of them from rich / literate people and they started to be more diverse as time pass by.

Today, there is an insane amount of data and most them are numerical. In theory, it means they are easier to search, but they are also very brittle (which web site is going to be there in 30 years, 100 years). How to cope with documents that are in a outdated format ?

So, historians, what do you think ?

Looking at television shows from the 1980s and 1990s it seems that a lot of shows have an episode or plot lines revolving around cults or new age movements. The Simpsons, Law and Order, X Files, Beverly Hills, 90210, and multiple other television shows all featured cults. Were these sort of movements more prevalent in American society during that time or is it mostly a result of things such as the Waco Siege, Heaven's Gate and Peoples Temple still being in the public zeitgeist?

I'm watching the show Lost Relics of the Knights Templar and I have to wonder, if the Templar's were so large and powerful, how is it possible that so little of their relics have been found? I mean based on my high school knowledge, every society leaves it's mark on history, as best I can tell all we have of the Templars are some buildings. Even when societies have been wiped out or built over, usually something remains.

As for their rituals and ceremonies, these things survive for most societies, even secret societies right? I would assume that in modern Freemasonry the ceremonies have survived from the 13th century when they were established possibly, even if not practiced the exact same way.

If not, is there a known reason why? If so, what impact did the resulting demographic decline have on China's political stability?

If not, do we know the origins of the conspiracy theory suggesting it?

its the 5th century, and the romans have abandoned britannia. what happened to the isles after that? did some romans stay??? do we have any sources on the topic? i thought this would be an interesting question.

The story was written in 1931 and is about an antarctic expedition in the same timeframe. In the story the planes were brought disassembled by ship and were reassembled in the antarctic. This is the author's description:

Four large Dornier aëroplanes, designed especially for the tremendous altitude flying necessary on the antarctic plateau and with added fuel-warming and quick-starting devices worked out by Pabodie, could transport our entire expedition from a base at the edge of the great ice barrier to various suitable inland points, and from these points a sufficient quota of dogs would serve us.

The character, “father Benedict” is shown as having been educated in Rome and then sent to England. Would a Black man serving as a priest in England been a rarity at this time?

They seized quite a lot of colonies from the Dutch, I don't see why they wouldn't take the Dutch east indies considering that if they owned the colony, they could have control of the archipelago and the colony itself would be very profitable, what reason did the British have to give back the Dutch east indies to the Netherlands.

I understand that the engines were troubled with sand in north Africa but was the deployment of it?

Some subquestions:

• Who chose who got taken? Did recruiters go around picking specific serfs, or did the landowner choose?
• Did people prefer to go into the army or stay put? Would a landowner have threatened bad serfs with sending them off to the army as punishment?
• Was there a specific period of service after which the serf could go home? If so, how did they do about reintegrating into their old lives?