Saturday Reading and Research | May 06, 2017

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Today:

Saturday Reading and Research will focus on exactly that: the history you have been reading this week and the research you've been working on. It's also the prime thread for requesting books on a particular subject. As with all our weekly features, this thread will be lightly moderated.

So, encountered a recent biography of Stalin that revealed all about his addiction to ragtime piano? Delved into a horrendous piece of presentist and sexist psycho-evolutionary mumbo-jumbo and want to tell us about how bad it was? Need help finding the right book to give the historian in your family? Then this is the thread for you!

4 Answers 2017-05-06

Where did the tradition of burying the dead first originate?

For how long have we been burying our dead? Do we know the first example of an actual burial or entombment, or is it to difficult to know if something was buried or covered over time?

2 Answers 2017-05-06

Is it arguable that the effectiveness/super deadly awesomeness of the longbow in the Hundred Years' War been over played?

1 Answers 2017-05-06

How did the trope of a rural American being anally probed by aliens come about?

It seems like a very pervasive idea in comedy in particular. Was there a wave of rural Americans claiming to have been abducted at some stage? Also, where does the anal probing come from?

1 Answers 2017-05-06

Time keeping in Ancient Rome

Hi,

I'm aware that the Romans typically woke up at sunrise and retired at sunset but did they have any method for specific time keeping?

For example, would there ever be an instance such in modern life where they'd arrange a meeting for say 2pm or would they keep broader time frames such as when the sun is at a certain point in the sky?

On that note, perhaps sundials were the answer?

Curious to hear your expert knowledge :)

  • David

1 Answers 2017-05-06

What did you do if your train broke down in the 1920s

Does anyone know how you would handle a situation where a train broke down, in the middle of nowhere, during the 1920s?

Did they have radios with them? Did they sit and wait for the next train? Push it with manpower and the power of friendship all the way to the next station?

1 Answers 2017-05-06

What did Paul Mattick mean when he said that Marx was a Socialist and not an economist?

1 Answers 2017-05-06

Why was cannabis first forbidden by the International Opium Conference and the again through the Marijuana Tax Act?

Hi reddit, I have to make a presentation for school about the prohibition of cannabis. When I read about it on the internet I saw that cannabis was first prohibited by the International Opium Conference, but then against through the Marijuana Tax Act (in the USA). I think this is really contradictory. Could you help me, please?

1 Answers 2017-05-06

Did Japan "conquer" Korea?

tl;dr: It seems clear that Japan eventually took control of - and annexed - Korea in 1910 in a way indistinguishable from colonies, but did Japan gradually go from (forced) trade with Korea to full-control of Korea as a series of ad hoc practical decisions or did it intend to "conquer" from the very start? Is there any real technicality in the word "conquer" to support the (revisionist?) claim they didn't conquer Korea?

From my limited AP US understanding of history, I had understood that Japan conquered Korea as part of imperialism and was motivated by resources, ideology, and racism.

However, in a posting of the famous humorous "History of Japan" video to nicovideo (you may have to turn on NG comments), there are various objections made (some rightfully so). One section in particular (5:21) had a lot of comments: While many comments effectively agree, many comments object that Korea was not "conquered" (征服). One comment said that Japan (my translation) "freed Korea from China and recognized The Korean Empire." Obviously that statement isn't true by the time WWII comes along, and I'm not sure it made sense at the time either tbh, but still - upon further cursory research - it did turn out to be way more complicated than just a simple takeover.

The year that the video points to as Japan "conquering" Korea is 1894 - when Japan and Qing China fight over influence of Korea in the first Sino-Jpn War. However, it also seems that this goes back even further to a series of many treaties starting with the "Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876" in which an unfair treaty was coerced (Japanese-favored trade, aid, extraterritoriality), all the way up to the one that finally annexed Korea in 1910 (not signed by Gojong). The one in 1876, while unfair, does declare Korea free as a sovereign state. Wikipedia even says that a Japanese published newspaper "advocated for constitutional government, freedom of speech, strong rule of law and legal rights, and Korean-led industrialization." Obviously there's a practical motive to all politics, but all this is to say I'm very confused, especially taking the Russo-Japanese war and growing Japanese disillusionment/shifting attitudes into consideration (apparently Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere wasn't a thing until after this?).

So yea. Are these commenters focusing on a technicality and obscuring a large part of the story? This is nicovideo after all - lots of netouyo (nippon netizen neo-nationalists). (To this point, one comment implicitly accuses them of historical revisionism.) Or, were they really treated (or intended to be treated) in a significantly different sense from other "conquered" states? How bad was it from 1905-1910 for Koreans, and why the shift in their treatment? Was the idea of an independent Korea taken seriously or just as propoganda? I know it's a lot of questions, but I realized I really didn't understand Japan's perception or motives about Korea's statehood around this time period.

1 Answers 2017-05-06

Why do we have names such as cow and beef for the animal and the meat but only chicken and duck for the animal and the meat?

I was explaining to my daughters that the French conquest of England led to the English language gaining lots of words. I used as an example of cow and beef. With the cow being the English word and beef being the French. I also pointed out the French were eating the meat and naming it while the English were spending more time raising it. One of my daughters pointed out chicken was chicken and duck was duck both in relation to the animal and the meat. We had some ideas about this but does anybody have a fact?

2 Answers 2017-05-06

What did humans do before sunscreen was invented?

[deleted]

2 Answers 2017-05-06

Was Pompey a Populares during the Triumvirate? If so, why did he become leader of the Optimates in the Civil War?

1 Answers 2017-05-06

What was President Abraham Lincoln's reaction to the French Invasion of Mexico, in 1861?

1 Answers 2017-05-06

On the eve of WWII, Londoners euthanized 400k pets en masse?

[deleted]

1 Answers 2017-05-06

Questions about concubines in 1920-1930s China. Spoilers.

Hi guys, I was watching a movie called "Raise the Red Lantern" which is based on "Wives and Concubines".

In the story, a wealthy master has 4 concubines, and one of them is executed for having an affair.

I don't seem to understand because it was never explicitly shown that the master was of royalty (though he was indeed wealthy).

I would like any leads for me to understand why he had the power to execute one of the concubines, unless this was pure murder rather than execution due to law.

The master has servants, so I don't know if this is just from wealth or if this is from royalty.

Please let me know of how Concubines lived during this time, and laws and punishements. I'm looking for context to understand this film and book better.

2 Answers 2017-05-06

What was internment of German and Italian aliens like in the U.S. during WWII?

Hi everyone. I'm seeking more information about what it was like (conditions, treatment, etc.) to be interned as a German and Italian alien in the U.S. during WWII.

I've certainly found ample information on Japanese internment--how both aliens and U.S. citizens were interned (this distinction not necessarily made with Germans/Italians), what camps were like, how they were forced to evacuate the West coast, etc etc....also one of my family members was interned.

But I'm looking for more info as to what conditions were like for the Germans/Italians. One of my professors mentioned how there was one German "internment camp" in the east or something, and how they had actually integrated into society...I might have mis-remembered what they said, but I also can't find any information on it.

Thanks so much!

1 Answers 2017-05-06

I don't know much about the Vietnam War, what are some resources I can use to learn about it from the least biased perspective?

Hi everyone at AskHistorians! I am a Vietnamese American college student. It is my dream to become a filmmaker and tell the story of my parents, about how my dad fought in the war as a young South Vietnamese man and how both my father and my mother came to America as refugees. The thing is I don't really know much about the Vietnam war and I am worried that some of the history books we get here in America are really biased towards the American side. So I would also like to get a bunch of resources on the Vietnamese perspective as well as the American side. I also don't know too much about Vietnamese culture so maybe someone could offer some resources about that. Just anything that you would think a filmmaker would need to know, not just history, but photos, interviews, etc. But I think most of all what would help are interviews on what it felt like emotionally for the Vietnamese people during that time since I will be writing a drama. Thank you so much.

2 Answers 2017-05-06

[Meta] Thank you to all the wonderful and knowledgeable contributors to this sub.

With the permission of the mods I'd like to take a second to formally recognize all the expertise and effort that the quality contributors pour in to this sub every single day. Every time I come here I learn something new and interesting with excellent historical context provided.

These people pour hours into their posts merely out of their own altruistic tendencies. From controversial topics such as whether racism was brought about to justify slavery or whether racial theories were the cause of slavery in which u/sunagainstgold provides an excellent and in depth analysis. Then we have the lighthearted posts on whether Donatello really deserves to be a Ninja Turtle where u/AlviseFalier references an older post that has a really great history on the life and works of Donatello and why he should most definitely be a Ninja Turtle (and u/Yulong follows up with an extremely interesting and informative series of comments on why there should have been five Turtles). All these questions are handled with the same level of expertise and quality every single time.

I could go on with example after example but I feel that would detract from the overall message of this post. So I'll just say this. From all the readers here at r/AskHistorians we sincerely thank you all.

5 Answers 2017-05-06

Are there any books on the Spanish Empire? I can't seem to find any...

2 Answers 2017-05-06

How long ago was the concept of government provided/ subsidised healthcare introduced ?

Which country was the first to introduce this concept?

1 Answers 2017-05-06

Which books regarding Arthurian Legend are considered to be the most complete?

I'm aware that there isn't one canonical work of Arthurian legend, and I've had 'The Once and Future King's recommended as one to look at, but I was wondering what books are considered to contain the most of what we know/the stories about Arthur. Either from a strictly narrative point of view, or explaining it in historical context.

For example the book I mentioned above has had some criticism for mixing and matching some aspects from two stories, missing out some details from each.

3 Answers 2017-05-06

In this Carnik Con Video he states that after Daewoo went bankrupt, the CEO in an attempt to avoid prosecution for financial mismanagement fled into North Korea. Is this accurate and excluding US soldiers after the Korean war, did anyone else try to defect from western style nations into the North?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JuMuZDjanBA Question begins at 1 minute and 5 seconds.

1 Answers 2017-05-05

Are the stories of "No Man's Land Deserters" in World War One true?

I heard some tales about soldiers, both German and British alike, abandoning their trenches to hide out in No Man's Land, coming out only at night to scavenge for food and resorting to cannibalism while releasing blood curdling sounds (likely from Shell Shock).

I know this all kinda sounds romanticized, and I tried looking up as much as I could with no avail. Is there any truth to this myth? Thank you!

1 Answers 2017-05-05

Why is the US constitution only a few pages, but State constitutions look like they were written by James Joyce?

1 Answers 2017-05-05

if augustus tried to have marc antony struck from the records, how do we still know so much about him?

it seemed like augustus had the means and will. did he not want to edit julius caesars works? we seem have no decent gaps in antonys story.

1 Answers 2017-05-05

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