How common was slavery in Europe in the late 18th Century?

Was the use of African slaves common in Europe itself, or was it mostly limited to their colonies? Would a French noble on the eve of the Revolution have black slaves in his chateau? What about the wealthier members of the Third Estate?

1 Answers 2015-11-29

Can someone help me understand the discovery of King Tut's tomb?

I had always thought he was found within the Pyramids of Giza but just recently heard he was actually buried in Luxor which is considerably south of Giza (I think). Are there pyramids in Luxor as well, or did his tomb have nothing to do with pyramids? Or am I completely off the mark? If the latter, please give me a quick rundown of the geography as well because all of these places and landmarks are swirling around my head right now. Thanks!

1 Answers 2015-11-28

Book recommendations on Roman slavery?

I'm looking for painstakingly detailed stuff. Books that talk about their day-to-day lives, various jobs they could have as well as the manner in which they were preformed, the differences between different "classes" of slaves (I'm aware that there were differences between, for example, a slave that worked in a mine opposed to a slave that taught the children of Roman citizens, but I'm not aware of the nuances between how each "class" of slave was treated and viewed by Roman society at large, or if class is even the right word for it.), were slaves originating from different parts of the word usually assigned certain jobs (It seems that a lot of slaves that were tutors were Greek; I don't know if this is some sort of cognitive bias on my part of if this was generally the case)? Did the laws pertaining to slavery change a lot over time?

1 Answers 2015-11-28

How were musicians trained in Medieval/Renaissance times?

At what point did the beginnings of the modern music school begin to develop? I myself am a music student, and I've always been curious how music education was handled during those time periods. I am also curious how the rise of secular music would have affected musical schooling, seeing how so much of what was written during that time period was sacred music. Thank you!

1 Answers 2015-11-28

Where and from what sources did Shakespeare and his contemporaries get their information about the ancient romans?

Im a big fan of "Julius Ceaser" by Shakespeare. Many of Shakespeare's plays make reference to greek mythology and roman history. My broader question is, how did western europeans come to know so much about roman and greek history, especially specific events like Caeser's assasination?

2 Answers 2015-11-28

How concrete was Christendom as a concept of European political union in the Middle Ages?

Came across this post the other day and would like some further information about this bit in particular:

Medieval politics, as I've already mentioned, was oriented around the idea of Christendom. The Christian monarchs formed a single community known as the Res Publica Christiana or, if you like, "Christian Republic". They were bound by particular obligations that, in theory, went back to the Code of Justinian of 529.

The current state of medieval scholarship is pretty bewildering to a layperson like me, and accordingly, any claim this substantial, I feel, deserves caution. Could someone please delineate how immediate/specific Christendom as a politically unifying concept was to European politics and law? For example, did the concept figure in local legal systems? Or was it applied merely in the mediation of "international" disputes? Did it influence legal doctrines around Europe?

1 Answers 2015-11-28

Is it true that majority of the women in the US were against the right to vote?

I've heard it said that the majority of American women didn't want the right to vote because of legitimate reasons such as not wanting to ever be conscripted during war. Is this true?

2 Answers 2015-11-28

Compared to mostly secular governments in middle east, the early caliphates were religious. During what time period did this shift occur?

1 Answers 2015-11-28

Why was Spain not a great power anymore during the 1700s and after?

1 Answers 2015-11-28

WHat was South America's reaction to WWII?

1 Answers 2015-11-28

My grandfather was an Iranian politician before the revolution. Who were these people he met with?

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1 Answers 2015-11-28

Why were more American unions 'mobbed up' than in Europe?

I was just discussing with a friend of mine who works for the Teamsters' about the IBT's past history of mafia involvement and it got me thinking that in Europe you rarely, if ever, hear about any unions being 'mobbed up'. Is it even true that American unions were closer to organised crime than European ones? If so, why is that?

I ventured to guess that it was because union activists in Western Europe were often socialist, but I have little expertise on this and thought this would be a good place to ask!

1 Answers 2015-11-28

I read or heard somewhere that traditional Native American medicines and remedies were likely to just kill someone suffering from European Plagues. How true is this?

I think it was on Crash Course. What they said was that a Native American remedy of putting the afflicted into a steam lodge for hours and then throwing them into a cold stream was effective at treating the comparatively light illnesses that the Natives were used to. But when they tried those remedies to cure European plagues such as Typhus or Cholera, the treatment would usually just kill the patient on the spot. Is there any truth to this statement?

Bonus question: I'm just generally interested in Native American diseases and what the aboriginals used as cures. I know there are a huge number of tribes with different customs, but what are some examples?

1 Answers 2015-11-28

What was Muhammed's religious background prior to the founding of Islam? Was he Christian? Pagan?

1 Answers 2015-11-28

Where the auxiliary units an integral part of the Roman army under the empire?

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1 Answers 2015-11-28

What is Caesaropapism? Was it ever a real ideology with tenets and proponents or was it a negative description by later observers?

1 Answers 2015-11-28

Book recomendations about how societies coped with, and transcended, authoritarian indoctrination and political fanatism.

Hi everyone!

I'm from Argentina, and some days ago we had presidential elections, and after 12 years of the same party ruling, we have a change in the goverment.

The thing is, in the last 12 years, thanks to the cultural, propagandistic and educational policy of the goverment, we've been kind of "split" in two as a society. We never got to the point of actual indoctrination, but damn, it got quite close at some points. Today, we are kind of divided in two as a society: One half, die-hard fans of the Kirchner's Goverment (the one's that ruled the last 12 years). The other half (and a bit more, acording to the results of the election) die-hard anti-Kirchner.

It's a hard situation, and what's even worst, some hardcore pro-Kirchner supporters are calling for riots, resistance and uprisings against the new, democraticaly elected goverment. It's not hard to imagine, lot's of us are wondering how long it might take for this "gap" in the society to be mended, and if direct measures of the goverment should be taken for it to happen, or if it will eventually and naturaly happen.

So, and now I go to the main point of this thread, can anyone provide recomendations of books, information, articles, whatever, that touches the subject of how societies and people coped with the falling of dictatorships and authoritarian goverments, how they got rid (in case they could) of the indoctrination, the social implications of the immediate aftermatch once the dictators or leaders lost power, etc.

Right now I'm reading "Embracing Defeat" by Dower, where they touch the subject in post-Imperial Japan, but I haven't finished, so I can't tell if they go deep into it.

I will also apreciate any opinions! Thanks in advance!

1 Answers 2015-11-28

Did Irish people really eat over 10lbs of potatoes a day (on average) prior to 1845?

I've heard/read that, prior to the Irish potato famine in 1845, an Irish person would eat an average of at least 10lbs of potatoes a day; assuming 5 potatoes per pound, that would be 50 potatoes a day per person. From what historical sources are these numbers drawn, and are they considered to be accurate?

2 Answers 2015-11-28

Native Americans sailing eastward?

I read some where over the holiday that two native Americans sailed across the Atlantic to what is present day Netherlands in 60 b.c.e. I checked for sources on the reading but it lacked them. Is there any validity to this claim? Did native Americans really brave the Atlantic and make the first contact with Europeans?

3 Answers 2015-11-28

What did society think of static electricity prior to industrialization and widespread knowledge of such things?

1 Answers 2015-11-28

What was the reaction of the French people to the Bourbon execution of Michel Ney?

1 Answers 2015-11-28

What was the first Thanksgiving really like?

So I've been seeing people post videos like this and this a lot on my Facebook feed this week. Why is there such a large discrepancy between these videos and what is considered common knowledge about the holiday? Were the videos exaggerating? What is the real history of Thanksgiving?

1 Answers 2015-11-28

How did cleanliness come to be seen as a bad thing in medieval Europe?

The Romans were clean people, but, a lot of Europe did not view cleanliness as a good thing in the middle ages. Is this a myth? If not how did it happen?

1 Answers 2015-11-28

Just inherited a Japanese Katana from my grandfather. Need help translating the symbols on the tang.

My apologies if this is the wrong subreddit, but I figured this would be a good place to start.

http://i.imgur.com/VnrSSQv.jpg

He purchased the sword while on the mainland of Japan in 1945. I can post most pics of the sword if it helps.

3 Answers 2015-11-28

Was the telegraphed used to great effect in the American Civil war?

I've heard people say it helped Lincoln win the war, how true is that? I was under the impression it had no military applications until much later.

1 Answers 2015-11-28

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