The categorization of French and Spanish as Romance Languages has to do with their evolution from Latin--it's Romance in the sense of "pertaining to Rome". I'm not sure who considers Russian "barbaric", but that's not a meaningful linguistic category. Russian's categorization is as a Slavic language (along with Polish, Ukrainian, etc), which is a group of Indo-European languages, along with the Romance, Germanic, Indo-Aryan, Celtic, and other languages. Here's a nice tree.

What Asian languages are you asking about? There are tons of them.

Considered by whom?

And do not be confused by the fact that French and Spanish are Romance languages - this is a linguistic term referring to their descent from Latin.