Plenty of times. The United Kingdom did not recognize the Soviet Union until 1924, then broke relations 1927-1929. The United States did not recognize the Soviet Union until 1933. Generally speaking, no one recognized the Soviet Union at the time of the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917. Over time, more states established official relations. I can't find the precise reference, but I believe Estonia was the first to establish relations in 1920. Most governments followed suit over the course of the 1920s.