Around 100 slaves were being transported from Virginia for sale in the deep south on the brig Creole in 1841. At sea a number of black slaves revolted and took control of the ship, sailing to the British West Indies. Britain had abolished the slavery several years before, and it was thought that they would not be treated as slaves. Britain refused to return the slaves to the United States despite the best efforts of secretary of state Daniel Webster, although legal wranglings over the case would continue for a number of years before finally being settled. If by "American" you mean United States this is the only major revolt that comes to mind.