Yes, but I can only give a few concrete examples from my field of study (19th century Caribbean)

• Indian laborers were brought to and worked on the leeward islands (more directly Trinidad)

• Arabic is a broad term, so in a broad sense there were Arabic people all over the America's during that period (1700-1900's).

• Over the course of my research I found some interesting newspapers from 19th century (1800's) Cuba that were written by and for the 'Moro' population in the country.

So I would say "yes" to your question, although it is a bit more complicated than just "were there any significant records" of the aforementioned peoples.

Indians maintained there caste system in the Americas, but as with all people of color at the time, they were subject to discrimination regardless of social hierarchy.

Arabic peoples were subject to more or less the same discrimination, but were usually afforded a great deal of autonomy within Spanish colonies (Maybe due to economics, I believe many Arabs came to the Americas as investors as opposed to indentured servants or slaves.

If you would like to discuss this more, please PM me.. although I am limited in the scope of what I can concretely tell you, I would be more than happy to share whatever sources I can with you.