From British history, we often talk about the 'Lost Generation,' (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lost_Generation) which refers to the generation who were between about 18 and 30 during WWI and thus made up a disproportionate number of casualties. Although originally an American term, it has been adopted in the UK to refer to the dead and wounded of the war - a whole generation of men 'lost' to Britain. It's not really a term historians use, unless they are discussing popular memories of WWI, but it's a popular one nonetheless.

Another less common but more academically acceptable grouping is the 'Windrush Generation' - West Indian migrants who arrived in Britain between 1948 (when the ship Empire Windrush brought a group of Jamaican migrants to London) and c.1962-68, when restrictions on Commonwealth immigration began to limit West Indian immigration. It refers to the large numbers (c.250,000) of predominantly black West Indians who formed Britain's first non-white post-war immigrant group. It carries connotations of optimism, particularly in contrast to the racism suffered by West Indian migrants in later years. It also has some literary significance in referring to the early West Indian novelists who moved to London to escape the relatively moribund publishing cultures of their home islands.

In Australia we have a "Stolen Generation" where Aboriginal Children were taken from their families and forcibly inducted into Western Culture often punished if they didnt conform. It was based on the scientific knowledge of the time that said that Aboriginals were becoming extinct and in educating their children "properly" we could speed up the extinction.

Keep in mind this was still going on in the 1970s which is quite horrifying.