/r/academicbiblical has resources on this; the various wikipedia articles on "development of the Christian Bible" are also non-terrible.

The Bible is a collection of 66 separate books (depending on your tradition). Each of those books have their own writer or writers, and these books were written over a period of about a thousand years, from c.900 BCE to c.150 CE.

The first four books of the Bible are amalgamations of at least three prior documents; these documents were written between 900 BCE and 550 BCE. See, in particular, the Documentary Hypothesis; lecture notes on the subject abound. The next seven books, Deuteronomy through II Kings, were likely written by a single school of scholars and completed by 450 BCE; the relevant term is the Deuteronomistic History and the citation is typically given to Martin Noth. The books from Genesis through Deuteronomy were perhaps finalized and circulated together in the 400s; later dates are also admissible.

The various prophetic books are too numerous to be given quick summary. To take two examples, the book of Amos is an authentically old document, most of the book dating from the 700s BCE; the book of Daniel was written comparatively late, in the 160s BCE. Each book has its own history and can be placed in its own part of the social context of ancient Israel. You may find the various articles here useful reading.

The four New Testament Gospels were likely written between 50 and 90 CE. Seven of the letters attributed to Paul are authentic and date from the 50s CE; the rest were written in the second half of the first century. The rest of the letters were probably not written by their supposed authors. However, all of the documents in the New Testament with the possible exception of II Peter were likely written before 120 CE. See also the various articles here, a source which is favorably listed in /r/academicbiblical.

I hope that helps as a start!