Apologies, but I have removed your question for being too broad.

What era and civilization are you talking about? A clay brick wall built to defend the city of Ur in the year 2000BC will be built and maintained in a much different way than Fort Sumter in 1848 (for example)

What materials is the wall made from? Loose stone? Wood? Cement? Brick? a mix?

No one answer can account for all these variables, and so the most likely outcome is a large number of answers that contribute bits and bobs, usually spawning lots of speculation and trivia, and not much scholarship.

You are free to resubmit the question, but I strongly urge you to give the question more focus by specifying era/civilization.