I've been reading over the transcripts of the Kennedy Administration meetings on the Cuban Missile Crisis, and I was wondering why the Americans were so concerned about the U.S.S.R placing missiles so close to their border, but the Russians didn't react so violently when the U.S. put missiles in Turkey. Did the Russians not care, or did they not want to press the issue?
The Soviets did care about the missiles placed in Turkey. In fact, one of the major conditions agreed upon in order to end the Cuban Missile Crisis was the removal of all of NATO's nuclear missiles from Turkey.
Many analysts of the Cuban Missile Crisis, supported by declassified Kremlin documents, verify that the Soviets deliberately placed missiles in Cuba so that the Americans would be forced to remove their missiles from Turkey if the Soviets did the same for Cuba. Some say that Soviets came out victorious from the Crisis since they were able to achieve their two primary objectives: Force the US to pull their ICBMs from Turkey, as well as Italy, and get the US to agree to not invade Cuba (again).
Sorry, I'm on my mobile at the moment. I'll get sources and references once I get back home. Plus spelling.
EDIT: Researched and verified that all nuclear missiles were removed from Turkey, as well as Italy, not just some.
It is worth noting that the Soviets were already ringed by Strategic Air Command bases since the late 1940s, to say nothing for NATO's nuclear sharing policy. The strategic situation for the USSR was always bad in those days. The US could hit them very easily, they could not hit the US very easily. The Turkish Jupiters didn't change it too much, especially since they were very slow to prepared to launch and very obvious about their being prepared. This is one of the reasons JFK gave them up so readily as well — they were going to be phased out anyway.