To clarify i mainly want to know about resistances on the Western front (ex. Belgium, Norway, France). I've read some accounts of history saying that the Nazis occupying these countries swiftly put down the resistances brutally and efficiently while others commend the resistance and claim it was effective in the collapse of the Nazi regime. I just want some information on the effectiveness of resistances in Western Europe, and possibly some sources to back these claims.
Thanks
Debates about resistance in the Second World War can be quite contentious and this is particularly true in the Netherlands. Resistance took on many forms during the course of war, ranging from passive resistance like printing clandestine newspapers or leaflets, to more active resistance in the form of armed groups who sought to sabotage enemy/occupying supply lines. The extent to which one could resist depended on where one lived. For instance, in the rural areas of the Netherlands, resistance to Nazi occupation was often more difficult where people could not benefit from the relative urban anonymity which Dutch civilians in the densely population cities of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, or Utrecht took advantage of. In the southernmost province of the Netherlands, Zeeland, resistance was almost non-existent. The province consisted of several islands and made mobility between them quite problematic. The population was also quite small, numbering about 250,000 in the 1940s.
There were, however, fairly influential resistance groups in the Netherlands, one of which was the Ordedienst or Order Service. The OD had districts throughout the country, but were most influential in the "old provinces" of Noord- and Zuid-Holland. Many of these men were former personnel in the Dutch armed forces, who managed to escape after the Netherlands was defeated and occupied in May 1940. Some went underground and tried to establish communications with British officials and the Dutch government, which for the most part was exiled in London.
In the province of Zeeland, the one with which I am most familiar, there was a small but effective force of about 30 men who worked for the OD. However, they began to operate fairly late in the war- only once the Allies broke out of Normandy and an Allied victory seemed feasible. Before that, we have to keep in mind, it seemed to many Europeans in the west that the Germans had won the war. For that reason, many chose to work for or volunteer with German units or for work with Organisation Todt.
In Belgium, resistance was also quite effective. The Witte Brigade (White Brigade) worked alongside Canadian forces outside of Antwerp and helped capture one of the most important ports in Western Europe. Without opening the port of Antwerp, Allied operations would have likely come to a halt in November 1944. In general, these resistors worked as interpreters and informants, and were invaluable in the Allied push towards Germany.
To answer your question more directly, the actions of French resistance groups were played out across Western Europe in the 1940s, but the type of action depended on location (urban vs. rural environments, city vs. countryside, etc). Today, there is a sort of mythos that has developed around resistance-- that somehow everyone resisted against Nazism. This is largely a construction of the post-war world and one way communities sought to give meaning to their experiences during the war. Research has shown, especially in the Netherlands, that this was certainly not the case.