A beheadscarfed friend was explaining why she supports AKP to me, and she cited a supposedly massive bodycount from Atatürk's abolition of the fez as one reason. To my knowledge, about five people were killed in Kastamonu for refusing to wear Western headgear, but she said it's more like five in every province of Turkey. I'd like to know the true brutality of this measure.
You might like to read 'A Fez of the Heart' by Jeremy Seal, which is about the history of the fez in Turkey. It must be 15 years since I read it, so I can't remember the sort of detail you require, but I remember it as a very good read.