Acritas provided an excellent post on Soviet treatment of PTSD after the war. His answer is largely applicable to the question of treatment during the war because of the delay he notes in state reactions. Furthermore, the answer is well sourced so can be used as a starting point for a more in depth information.

I can't add anything to that answer, or anything about treatment during the war, it is quite outside my area of research, but I did found that answer interesting and informative, so while I'd also like to see more answers here, it would be a shame not to point that one out.