Females were employed in the SS and Wehrmacht. Obviously they weren't in "combat" roles but they would be operators of telegraphs and telephones, or in administrative functions ( they became more prevalent as the war went on and the Germans began to call up more and more reservists). They also served as nurses and what not, basically the same as women in other countries. The women in the SS tended to be involved in much worse activities. They worked as guards at concentration camps, and cultural aspects. For example a group of young women and men from the Hitler youth were sent to Poland to assess the Poles as a people (one of the girls, Melita Maschmann, recorded in her diary that the Poles were an under developed, uneducated people) and to start cleaning Polish land for future German inhabitants .
Though women in Germany played a bigger role on the homefront where they cared for war refugees or children made homeless/orphaned by the war. They also made up a huge part of the domestic workforce; by 1939 over half the women in Germany between 15 and 60 were working. Hitler disapproved of this because he thought the German women should stay at home and bear children.
Source: Third Reich at War by Richard Evans
Life in the Third Reich by Richard Bessel
Unsure as to the extent of their participation in the officer ranks, but recently a book came out dealing with their participation in the mass murder of jews and other undesirables. Hitler's Furies by Wendy Lower. Seems like a reasonable direction to point you in
http://www.amazon.com/Hitlers-Furies-German-Killing-Fields/dp/0547863381