I'm not certain that this is what you're looking for, but if you're referring to the type of blues that originated in the Mississippi River area (Delta, Chicago, etc.), they were at least minimally influenced by what's called "old time" music. Old time music is more or less what people today think of when they hear "bluegrass", even though old time is sometimes slower and more reflective of "tough" times. African-Americans in the South, post-1865 at least, combined their natural African instruments and styles/dances with those of the white, European-descended old time players (guitars, fiddles, and banjos...which probably originated in Africa) and began to create what we know today as "blues" music. True blues music flourished in places where African-Americans were struggling the most. Starting in the rural Mississippi River delta area of Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, and extreme southwest Tennessee, and eventually slowly migrating to Northern cities with African-Americans, most notably Chicago.

If you get the chance, please watch Seminole-Muscogee Creek filmmaker Sterlin Harjo's This May Be the Last Time (link to trailer only) about the development of Muscogee Creek hymns, influenced by Indigenous, African, and Scottish music, that in turn influenced the blues.