I've read a few books about daily life of the peasant at the turn of the century and was wondering if there were any films that could help me visualise the period?
"Fiddler on the Roof" (1971 film adaptation by Norman Jewison) was excellent, do you know of any more?
I would imagine that you are not looking for a documentary. Here are some I remember.
Maksim Perepelica The movie was released in 1955. It is about a fun loving guy from a village who is conscripted into the Red Army. First half an hour or so are the views of the villages of that time. The film is in black and white.
The Cossacks of Kuba. The movie is actually somewhat relevant to question you asked in History. The film is in black and white.
Podnyataya Celina is the film that is based on Sholokov's novel with the same name. The book and film take place in 1930 on Don during the time of collectivisation. The film is in color.
Swineherd and Shepherd. Film was released in 1941. Musical melodrama. The film is in black and white.
Large collection of photos from that time: here. Lots of photos of peasants. Hope this helps. :)
I can mostly help with documentary history:
Esfir Shub's The Fall of the Romanov Dynasty for more of the city-life. It is the first found-footage film, mostly composed of Lumierre brothers' films from 1899-1902.
If you look through Dziga Vertov's Kino-Pravda series of the 20s, you'll find bits of footage from villages, though with the sheer volume of series I'm at a loss as to which episodes.
Mikhail Kilotozov's Salt for Svanetia is a doc on a small Georgian village in 1930. The propagandistic element is famously parodic of how backwards the Georgians of the area are before the triumphant road is built at the end. I'm not sure how much of the backwardness was staged for propaganda purposes, but the film certainly implies that it had hardly changed since the turn of the century.