Why did Peter the Great name his summer palace in not-his-native-language? Did he consciously do this in order to emulate the Dutch empire he so admired, or was it named after his death? I'm having difficulty finding if Peter himself named it Peterhof -- which is perfectly believable, as he did name St. Petersburg -- or if he only named some of the component buildings (e.g. Monplasir -- the use of French makes sense as he was rather trying to one-up Versailles).

It may well be named in German; Wikipedia indicates the name is taken from Dutch, but cites a book behind a paywall (that is also in Dutch). However, the name was changed to Petrodvorets after WWII to de-Germanicize it; as -hof is court in Dutch and German, I can't tell, as both seem plausible.