The shelling that happened during the siege was fairly minimal. While some high-profile places were hit, not many were extensively damaged. Things were of course worse during the Commune, but you have to remember that these shells weren't extremely destructive and they rarely hit the same building enough to really tear it to the ground. To be honest, the majority of the damages came from the battles that happened within Paris itself in May 1871, when many governmental buildings (inluding the Hotel de ville) were deliberately set on fire by the communards.

The Versaillais troops (the ones doing the bombarding) did not actually want to destroy Paris. Many of them were there during the Prussian siege of just a couple months earlier and did not wish to inflict more damage on the capital. Parisians even believed that foreign nations would intervene if Prussia dared to besiege the brilliant center of European civilization. Of course, no foreign powers did intervene, but Prussia (and the Versaillais troops) knew that international repercussions would be inevitable if they destroyed - say - the Louvre.

Since the majority of the damage was to government buildings, the Republic quickly cleaned them up and rebuilt. The shelling was most effective in the 5th arrondissement, which at the time was a middle-class and student area, so again - the government was quick to rebuild a central and relatively wealthy neighborhood.

The poorer neighborhoods like Belleville and Montmartre were also hit by shells and saw some street-fighting, but these areas were not nearly as built up as the central districts of the city. The eastern peripheral neighborhoods were really shanty towns and construction sites. Urban renewal hadn't yet reached them even though they were technically a part of Paris.

The Paris of the Belle-Epoque was the same Paris of the glitzy and luxurious Second Empire: the boulevards area that stretches from the Opera Garnier to Chateau d'Eau (now known as Place de la Republique). These areas sustained much less damage than others since they were not primarily the place of residence of the communards, and they contain very few governmental buildings. The theaters, cafes, and restaurants that were popular in the last three decades of the 19th century were basically the same ones that were popular in the 1850s/1860s.

As for the working-class members of the national guard... well 30,000 of them were killed - a good amount by firing squads - and others were exiled. For the rest of them, once Parisian industries began again they went back to work. In the couple years that followed the Commune, many poorer citizens were forced to leave their homes due to back-rent they owed to their landlords. Yes, once their landlords came back to Paris, they forced their tenants to pay for the time that they were besieged in the city! Many of those who were displaced moved outside the city limits.

As far as pictures go, yes! You should take a look at Hollis Clayson's "Paris in Despair" which while being more about the siege than the Commune, show how Paris was dug up to be made into a military fort. In particular, Clayson presents the Binant series, which was previously unknown.

Alistair Horne's "The Fall of Paris" is an oldie but a goodie. If you are interested in spatial theories about the 1870s and you can handle some academic jargon, Kristin Ross' "The Emergence of Social Space: Rimbaud and the Commune" is fantastic.

For information on the Belle Epoque in general, my go-to book is Vanessa SChwartz' "Spectacular Realities." IF your local university library still has it, you could also look at Priscilla Ferguson's "Paris as Revolution." Of course Walter Benjamin's "Arcade project" is always cited when you're talking about Paris - as is Christopher Prendergast's "Paris in the 19th century."

Hope that helps!