I realize this is a broad topic, I would love some suggested reading on this.
I can't speak for WWI on this specific topic, but any well sourced book on the second world war will give a broad overview of the war in the pacific, with specific areas and battles mentioned. In short, the was a whole theatre of war in the pacific, which involved much of south-east Asia ranging from China to Indochina to Papua New Guinea.
As for reading, try John Keegan's "The Second World War" or R.A.C. Parker's "The Second World War" to get you started. They are quite easy reading and will give you a general idea of what happened. I can point you to more detailed works if need be.
Germany's presence in the region during WWI was extremely limited. The Germans had colonial possessions which were largely undefended trading outposts. They had a small naval detachment at the Chinese port of Qingdao, but the force was outclassed by both the Australian and Japanese navies. Admiral Von Spee instead decided to retreat, taking the Far East Squadron towards South America, and finally running afoul of the British off the Falklands where he was killed. He even refused to mount in invasion of German Samoa after it was taken by New Zealand. However, before he left, Von Spee detached the SMS Emden to be an independent commerce raider in the Indian Ocean. Emden had a pretty good run, made good hits on oil facilities in British India, scored hits on a tanker of the Burma Oil Co., and followed it up with an attack on Malaysia where they sank a Russian cruiser.
New Zealand and Australia took many of the German island possessions, and Japan quickly took over Qingdao. The biggest story of WWI in Asia was the temporary departure of western consumer goods which gave Japan the industrial boost that would benefit their military growth in the interwar years.