Were the Jews actually exiled by Romans or is it a myth?

by Historiess

There is a popular notion in modern Israeli/Palestinian discourse, that Jews were exiled in the past and now their descendants returned this is also found in the Israeli declaration of independence.

The wiki article on this is heavily lacking in citations but I found this from one of the citations there by Jewish History prof. Israel Bartal

"No "nationalist" Jewish historian has ever tried to conceal the well-known fact that conversions to Judaism had a major impact on Jewish history in the ancient period and in the early Middle Ages. Although the myth of an exile from the Jewish homeland (Palestine) does exist in popular Israeli culture, it is negligible in serious Jewish historical discussions. Important groups in the Jewish national movement expressed reservations regarding this myth or denied it completely "

I also found this citation which contradicts the exile theory http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=80j612aFo_4C&pg=PA159&hl=en&sa=X&ei=mj54UYakNJCM4gSK9ICwCQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false

Can someone shed some light on this?

gingerkid1234

So it depends on what you mean by "exile". It's relatively clear that some people were displaced. Josephus references 90,000 people being brought to Rome after the Great Jewish Revolt. And during the war it's exceedingly likely that at least some people fled the conflict to more peaceful areas. There are references to some Sicarii escaping to Egypt, for example. No one bothered to figure out how many, but some people were definitely displaced.

There wasn't an exile in the total sense, since Jews were still allowed to live in Judea. That's not really disputed by anyone's narrative--there were enough Jews in Judea for another revolt in 135, and Jewish texts were still being written, mostly in the Galilee, even after 135.

But what is clear is that the community began a substantial decline after 70. Gradually the religious centers, where big-time books were written, moves to Babylonia, which had already had a Jewish community for centuries.

So at least some Jews were forcibly displaced, and it's likely a number more fled the conflict. That goes for both 70 and 135. This wasn't the beginning of the diaspora, since there were substantial communities of Jews living elsewhere from earlier. In fact, the majority of Jews probably migrated voluntarily, rather than being forced out, though forcible expulsion did occur^1 . But many Jews were forcibly removed as slaves in large numbers, both after the revolt in 70 and in 135^2 .

  1. Gruen, Erich S. "Diaspora--Jews Amidst Greeks and Romans"
  • Smallwood, Mary E. "The Jews under Roman Rule". One interesting tidbit from this book is that after the revolt in 135, the market was flooded with Jewish slaves, such that they had no more value than a horse.
ibbity

Are you talking about the sack of Jerusalem in 70 AD? Because absolutely no one of any repute whatsoever disputes that THAT happened, or that the majority of the surviving inhabitants were either captured and enslaved, or dispersed by flight in fear of Rome.