This might be a starting point at least.

Pliny the Younger wrote a letter about the event. His uncle was involved in the rescue effort at Herculaneum, another city destroyed by the same eruption. Here's a link to a translation of that letter.

Here's a relevant quote from the translation: "Many besought the aid of the gods, but still more imagined there were no gods left, and that the universe was plunged into eternal darkness for evermore."

If you take it literally it does sound like the wrath of the gods, but it could also just be literary liberty that Pliny took.

Another thing worth mentioning, although right now my source is Wikipedia, so I can remove this portion if needed, is the origin of the word "volcano". Yes, it comes from the Roman god Vulcan, but only second hand. According to Wikipedia, the word volcano comes from the Roman island Vulcano, which in turn comes from the god Vulcan. Vulcano was in mythology the workshop of Vulcan and the fire and earthquakes was him working. However, this refers specifically to that location, not volcanoes in general. So this volcano was not necessarily associated with Vulcan.Here's a link to the United States Geological Survey which gives the same information from a better source.