This kind of question can not really be answered with any sort of specificity. The use of psychotropic substances almost certainly predates settled human civilization and for early humans there is no real distinction between art and religious/spiritual practice. The use of psychotropic substances in conjunction with spiritual ritual is pretty much ubiquitous where access is available so it would appear to be an innate human attribute.

Pretty much [agreeing with now deleted but correct comment].

For example, the Chavín culture of Peru (ca. 1500–300 BCE) used the hallucinogenic San Pedro cactus as a sacrament. Their artwork (metalsmithing, stone-carving, pottery, etc.) features fantastic images of people turning into jaguars, hair transforming to snakes, grinning monsters, etc. Examples.