I think this is more a "political" question, than a historical.

Mostly because it was part of politics from the very beginning. If you read any anti-federalists speeches or essays, they'll mostly say it betrayed the spirit of 1776. In Massachusetts convention for example, Amos Singeltary, who was anti-federalist, said pretty much this. He believed, that the constitution would be rejected in 1775, and compared it to the British rule, against which Americans rebelled.

This speech was on other hand an answer to a "patriotic" speech of another delegate Ames, who said, that those who rebelled in 1775 should support the constitution as a logical next step.

And similar discourses are repeated in other conventions and in various essays of anti-federalists and federalists.

So, as I said, the question was from start a political question, and it depends on what kind of political ideas "you" associate with american revolution.

On terms of taxes, it definitely betrayed the revolution. You could say (and that was said by some back then), that Shays rebellion, which to an extent helped with forming a constitution more powerful and "energetic" than the Articles of Confederation, was the continuation of the revolution. Same goes for the Whiskey rebellion, which started after the constitution was passed. And which was suppressed by the power (and even abuse of it to an extent) of the constitution.

But if you think, that the main idea of the constitution was the freedom of Americans from the British, rule, self-government and peace, then it probably fulfil it. I don't want to speculate about how the history of USA would be different if the Article of Confederation would remain the constitution, but the current constitution provided a government that ensured all of those demands.

Sources: Elliot's Debates: For the records of the Massachusetts convention, see page 101 for speeches of Singeltary and Ames. (I'm pretty sure, that Patrick Henry repeats something similar to what Singeltary said in his speeches, but I'm not sure where in Elliot's Debates it is.)

Minot, George: History of the Insurrections in Massachusetts... (found on archive.org)

Findley, William: History of Insurrections in the Western Counties of Pennsylvania. (found on google books)