Islam itself did not survive in slave populations in Latin America. The Spanish and Portuguese had just gone through the reconquista and were paranoid of any members of their empire, including slaves, secretly worshiping Allah or their traditional pagan gods. This is why there were many tribunals of the Inquisition or the Catholic Church's religious court set up in Latin America. These courts would prosecute any slave that might have been putting their soul in jeopardy by continuing to worship anyone but Christ.

We actually have an account of a slave by the name of Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua who was a slave in Brazil and eventually was able to escape his master in New York harbor and then eventually he settled in Canada. In his narrative he talks about converting to Catholicism and eventually some form of Protestantism. He recalls being baptized soon after arrival in Brazil and the practice of Islam was explicitly forbidden.

Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua and Samuel Moore Detroit: Geo. E. Pomeroy & Co., 1854.

Forgive me, I'm on mobile. There's a reference to Muslim slaves in Odalah Equiano's book, but to the best of my knowledge, they were Christianized pretty early on.