I guess it depends on what you mean by "Christian." There were certainly Jews with Messianic expectations, though even then the beliefs were somewhat diverse. There seem to have been stages of development of the idea, first arising as a hope for a military liberator during the Babylonian exile. This was later believed to have been fulfilled by Cyrus, the Persian king who conquered Babylon and liberated the Israelites. Cyrus is called "Messiah" in the Hebrew Bible (and called "Christ" in the Greek Septuagint).

The idea arose again during the Seleucid occupation and eventual revolt and is probably most familiarly exemplified in Daniel 7:13:

I saw in the night visions, and, behold, one like the Son of man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the Ancient of days, and they brought him near before him.

The Gospel of Mark has Jesus allude to that verse during the trial before the Sanhedrin.

The Qumran community expected two Messiahs, a King (a son of David) and a High Priest.

The role of these Messiahs was not similar to what is found in Christianity. They believed variously that the Messiah would be a military liberator (a descendant of David), a High Priest or a wise teacher who would correctly interpret the law. What is not found in pre-Christian Judaism is the concept of a Messiah as a redeemer of sins or as an atoning sacrifice or as anyone who would die and be resurrected.

Theudas is a really interesting example, although it possibly happened about 10 years after Jesus. Josephus:

NOW it came to pass, while Fadus was procurator of Judea, that a certain magician, whose name was Theudas, persuaded a great part of the people to take their effects with them, and follow him to the river Jordan; for he told them he was a prophet, and that he would, by his own command, divide the river, and afford them an easy passage over it; and many were deluded by his words. However, Fadus did not permit them to make any advantage of his wild attempt, but sent a troop of horsemen out against them; who, falling upon them unexpectedly, slew many of them, and took many of them alive. They also took Theudas alive, and cut off his head, and carried it to Jerusalem. This was what befell the Jews in the time of Cuspius Fadus's government. (Book 20, chapter 5)

This is an interesting parallel to Jesus, since it also concerns a prophet who gets a bunch of followers, and in the end is executed by the Romans. So it shows that the story of Jesus in the broad strokes was not unique.

The promised parting of the Jordan river is clearly a parallel to Moses parting the Red Sea. So while Josephus does not mention if Theudas claimed to be the Messiah, he is symbolically acting as a deliverer of the people.