Yes of course. In the ancient Greek world each city minted its own coins, often on their own unique standards. For instance, drachms were struck all over the Eastern Mediterranean, but the silver content could differ drastically from, say, and Attic drachm to a Doric drachm. Sometimes states manipulated these. Ptolemaic Egypt required you use their coinage, which was about 3/4ths the silver of the Doric (I think? I don't have my numismatic notes on hand). To trade, you would exchange your silver for Ptolemaic silver at 1-1, making a net profit for the state.

Numismatists study these kinds of things almost exclusively. I've only had a brief introduction to the field. There's plenty more to read out there if you're interested.