Short answer: there wasn't a lot of long distance commuting happening, so it wasn't considered to severely take away from non-work time.

The campaign for the eight-hour work day occurred during the Industrial Revolution, during which the length of the work day increased, then was gradually chipped away at. The campaign for eight hours specifically can be traced to Robert Owen, who's thought was eight hours work "clock in" to "clock out", eight hours rest/sleep, and eight hours recreation per day made for a healthy balance. So strictly speaking, no, commute time was not factored into those eight hours.

However, commutes were rarely long in the way we think of. You can see in the transportation document below that at that time, personal transportation (like carriages) was not something that the people the eight hour work day was proposed for (factory workers), had access to. Yes, some people had to walk farther than others. But the city size was small compared to today, and rapidly growing in terms of both factories and housing (however dismal), so most could find work fairly close to home.

Sources: The eight hour work day: https://openlibrary.org/books/OL25072899M/The_eight_hours_day

City Size and transportation: https://people.hofstra.edu/geotrans/eng/ch2en/conc2en/ch2c1en.html

**edited formatting and spelling