I don't know if this is really a "names of specifc people" issue, invocations of gods have a long tradition as interjections and cuss words.

E.g. you have μὰ τὸν Δία (by Zeus) in Ancient Greek and mehercle (by Hercules), edepol (by Pollux) & ecastor (by Castor) in Latin.

I'm not sure about specific people as such (apart from the very old-fashioned exclamation "Gordon Bennett!), but in many Catholic countries, and in particular Quebec, you get what are known are "sacres", which are Christianity-based profanities, such as "tabarnac" (tabernacle), "calisse" (chalice), "bapteme" (baptism) etc. Often these profanities are as strong as 'fuck' is in English.