There are a couple good answers here but this really is a topic that is better-suited to anthropologists rather than historians. I suggest cross-posting this to /r/AskAnthropology for more answers.
This depends heavily on what you mean by 'dominant'. There are quite a few examples of matrilineal societies, from the Na in China to the Nair in India to the Hopi in the United States. However, all of the societies known so far have differing degrees of political power wielded by women, with none exhibiting complete matriarchy. To use the example of the Na, they have often been described as feudal. Putting aside the serious issues with that label, the 'feudal lords' of the Na are patrilineal.
The Hopi offer another example of this political/social power disparity. Property and family are considered to belong to the women of the family. However, political power was typically considered the province of men. However, the clans often had female priestesses share power for certain spheres with a chief priest and thus exerted some degree of political control, in addition to their dominance over the day-to-day village life.
To answer your question in a more concise way: Yes, to varying degrees. I'd love to expand on this more given some clarification on what you're asking.
the Iroquois nation for one; is considered a matriarchal society. WHere children nominally belong to the mother's family and are looked upon that way. Women also proposed who would become a tribal leader and most interesting, some sort of women's group could actually depose a leader if he were not fit to lead. WIkipedia entry is a good place to start.
It would be interesting to research if there were other societies of American indians or perhaps from asia to see if this was some sort of long tradition among these peoples.