And if so, what did cities do to mitigate this? Was there any kind of traffic control infrastructure? Did the concept of directional lanes exist? Were there traffic violations, and citations?
Edit: I should have been more clear about time period: I'm mostly curious about late 1800's/turn of the century.
Americans and Europeans (except Britain and Sweden) drove on the right, so there were directional lanes. But horses were never so numerous as to require serious traffic control. Only the wealthiest city dwellers could afford a horse and carriage.
Citations were written for various offenses such as speeding, recklessness, or blocking public ways. Only the vast increase in auto ownership in the 1920s forced cities to devote vast numbers of police to traffic control, to invent automated signals, and to streamline the legal process for citing and fining driver.