Although this is not what it was at the time, the Ottoman Empire was around this size when the colonial era began.

As you can see it is pretty darn huge, but the Ottomans didn't really have the same urge to colonise as the Europeans because they dominated the trade between east and west, it was because they started restricting that trade that the Europeans started searching for other ways to reach the East which lead to discoveries and colonisation.

Besides having to govern already large tracts of land, it'd have to compete with Europeans far from home. They wouldn't be able to go straight to America as their enemies, the Spaniards dominated the straits of Gibraltar so they'd have to go around Africa just to go to America.

The Europeans didn't really colonise any other areas except for lands that offered relatively little resistance until they dominated with a technological edge.

Hope this was helpful.