I'm thinking this covers baseball, football, hockey, and basketball. I know there are other sports out there, so I know I'm missing some who are definitely older (futbol / soccer).

No one could have realized it at the time, but when the Phillies were formed in 1883, history was in the making. Now, as the 21st century begins, the Phillies are the oldest, continuous, one-name, one-city franchise in all of professional sports.

http://philadelphia.phillies.mlb.com/phi/history/timeline.jsp