Reading a biography of Andrew Carnegie and his father and ancestors were Scottish weavers. Their industry was totally replaced by mechanical looms and industrial textiles. While this is really a modernization of an industry with new and more efficient methods, efficient from ONE point of view, that is the large scale merchants of textiles, not the craftsman production of textiles, It would seem that the fight over coal is similar.

Coal is an energy source. One faction declares it inefficient especially in the context of carbon emissions. Using this comparison of conflicting views of efficiency I would present this as an answer to your question.