The idea of the Czechoslovakians and the Poles (and others) thinking "We're free, finally we're free...oh wait, no we're not" after WWII because the Soviets liberated and then ruled them makes me feel queasy. Freedom is a human right and to taste it only for it to be snatched away just seems terrible.
To answer you in short
No the Russian Federation has never apologize for the gulags or the Eastern bloc (alought i don't know why they would)
Im guessing you don't have the best understanding of the cold war relations in the east but thats ok. One thing you need to understand is that freedom is not objective, for some freedom may be to set up your own business and for others its freedom from starving. Another thing is that the Soviets did not "rule" the eastern bloc, Eastern bloc nations were somewhat independent and two Communist nations Yugoslavia and Albania were out of the Soviet sphere of influence and were instead members of the Non-Aligned Movement.
As for the Gulags, Nikita Khrushchev denounced stalin in his speech that marked the beginning of De-Stalinization in the Soviet Union, and alought this lead to the end of the gulag camps there was no official apology either by the Soviets or by the Russian Federation
Do you study history? Just study it and you will see how many volks was free in history(not many), how many was enslaved, how many was slaughtered. Slovaks didn't have their own state till modern times, they was part of austrian, hungarian, czehian, german, polish, and even ukrainian(Western Ukrainian People's Republic) states, so let every neighbor of Slovakia apologise for it. Also, Soviet Union gave to socialist countries more independence than America gave to Western Europe countries bacause they had their own production and economy protected also from soviet economy. That countries depend from USSR at most politically and military, but not economycally. By the way, compare the duration and level of life in these countries now, and during the "Soviet occupation" (bad term, because they were not part of the Soviet Union or under military occupation, they were independent).