I was wondering if this path would work. I'm studying history as an undergrad and I have interests in museum work, education, and research. I plan on looking for museum work once I finish up my undergrad and then work toward an MA in museum studies. If after doing museum work I wanted to turn to education or research would having an MA in museum studies allow me to get a doctorate in a historical field or would I have to have gotten an MA in history?
You'll be fine, especially if you do your PhD in something interdisciplinary. A couple places like Berkeley make it explicit that an MA in history isn't required. Others will accept a lengthy term paper demonstrating original research and maybe some exams to show you've got what it takes or require you to go through the motions. Depends on the program. The stumbling block for most people is to make sure you come out proficient in French or German and whatever other language(s) for your field.
You may also consider a Master of Library and Information Science. Some of the programs offer museology courses, as well as research courses that would be helpful in museum work/future in research. I went to UW for my MLIS and I knew a few students who did a double major in Library Science and Museology.
I know a couple of people have gone on to get PhD's after their museum studies MA (or Museum studies concentration). Most of them do it to be qualified for curatorial roles in larger museums, where doctorates are often required, but a background in museum work is also very helpful.
One other thing I might mention, is that you might have some trouble finding museum work after undergrad, unless you utilized your language skills as a tour guide. Many people with MAs are having trouble finding work right now. Think about a couple six month or year long internships (hopefully paid) which you can launch from straight into grad school. That's what I did, best decision I ever made.
And u/CommodoreCoCo is entirely correct. For instance, my program is an MA in History with a Concentration (a very strong concentration) in Museum Studies.
If I were you, I would also consider an MA/PhD in Public History. It's a closely related field, and I see a lot of more research and education oriented folks going that route.
This isn't the case everywhere, but Less of respectable schools don't offer a museum studies major, but instead a certificate program or the like. It's always possible to get a master's in, say, history as well as a MS certification.