How was parchment made?

by Freevoulous

to expand: Im looking for good (preferably original, but all secondary sources are welcome, as long as its academic) sources on the production, distribution, trade and legal/political aspects of the making of parchment in Medieval and Early Modern Europe.

Im aware of XVII century and later sources on the manufacture if it (Elius Porcelius, Das Standebuch etc), but im curious if there are any surviving older descriptions.

Of course, I would be also delighted if someone could share information on parchment in islamic culture, or just have a general conversation on pre-print writing materials and tools.

TheGreenReaper7

I believe palaeographers and historians have been able to reconstruct the process with a great deal of accuracy going back well into the Middle Ages.

Christopher de Hamel's Scribes and Illuminators, (2nd rev. ed., Toronto, 1992), is a fantastic introduction to the processes behind producing parchment, vellum, and paper. Also goes into the process of ink production. There should be a good bibliography for further perusal.

The corpus of secondary literature which has sprung up around William Caxton, and his various printings, should be a good introduction to the manuscript trade in the later Middle Ages (the records of the London Mercer's Guild might be useful here as well). Think will become exponentially more difficult as you try and reconstruct earlier periods (less records, less surviving MS, etc.).

I'm sure you're aware that parchment is made of animal skins, it seems the emphasis of your, well, whatever it is you're doing... is concerned with the original manufacture of parchment which might omit a very important aspect: recycling. This process included the palimpsest where the parchment was scraped to remove the original text then reused. Worth investigating I'd wager.

idjet

In addition to /u/TheGreenReaper7 's suggestion of de Hamel, I very much recommend: