There were countless chroniclers of all walks of life in the middle ages, and they recorded almost every type of history imaginable. The vast majority were done by members of the clergy, such as monks, bishops, prelates, chaplains, etc. Just drawing from some of the sources of my own work, these include people like Thietmar of Merserburg, Cosmas of Prague, Frutolf of Michelsberg, and Helmold of Bosau. There were also laypeople who chronicled their experiences - the anonymous author of the Gesta Francorum, a common soldier, is one of my favorite sources for the First Crusade.

There was no profession comparable to a journalist, but between the town criers, wanderer's news and general gossip, people kept themselves informed to a certain level about what mattered to them - say, about the naming of a new priest to the area, or a new law the local lord had instituted.

Bigger events, like war news, the death of great lords or the pope, or the spread of lutheranism, for example, also got around, and rather quickly. Word-of-mouth was the main source, however, specially in the higher middle ages, when literacy rates were lower and books were muh rarer than in later periods.