First off, one thing to keep in mind going into this is that the Basmachi Movement was not one singular group. In many cases, the Soviet state haphazardly applied the moniker to any form of "resistance," much like it would use Kulak to describe any resistance by Ukrainian or Russian peasants to collectivization.

For a very broad examination of early Soviet nationalization policies, Terry Martin's Affirmative Action Empire has sections on Central Asia and covers much if what the Soviets were trying to accomplish there as well as other areas like the Soviet far east and Ukraine. Paring down a little, Shoshana Keller's To Moscow, not Mecca : the Soviet campaign against Islam in Central Asia, 1917-1941 has a large section devoted to Basmachis. Matthew Payne's “The Making of a Kazakh Proletariat?: The Unexpected Russification of Nativization Policies on the Turksib,” in the anthology State of Nations: Empire and Nation-Making in the Age of Lenin and Stalin covers the Basmachi movement quite well in a concise manner. Although it does not cover armed rebellions too much, Douglass Northrop's Veiled Empire: Gender and Power in Stalinist Central Asia is well worth examining because Northrop does a yeoman's job in presenting how Soviet attempts at modernizing Central Asia often worked against local customs and culture culminating in resistance to Soviet rule.

I hope this helps.