This map (Old World, New World) has been on my wall for a while and I'm not sure if it represents the world at any particular time (political borders seem pretty modern even if a lot of them are unlabled, geography seems about right except for lack of Pacific Islands) or if its simply supposed to look nice on a wall (the colored shading seems pretty arbitrary unless there is some context im missing).
Details:
This is from a decorative wall border, which is why I think some aspects of it may be purely aesthetical.
There also insets in the lower border of both halves; under the New World it reads:
Ne mireris lector si septorlitrionle plagam non superior sed contrin inferire regionum spector videos Id.
and under the Old World:
Omnia autem ree cons fantea rotione Cirinias semper indubitata exceplis Mediterranis
Edit: If I have time and if no one smarter than me comes along I'll give a shot at ballparking a translation buy my Latin is pretty much sub-rudimentary.
Edit2: Also am I right in assuming that this is some sort of truncated Mercator projection (cutting of around 70-odd degrees north and south)?
No, it is not accurate for any time period. I'm sure others could point out other inconsistencies, but here's one that jumps out at me: The map shows India and Pakistan partitioned, which occurred in 1947. However it shows all of Ireland as part of the UK, but the Irish Free State (now the Republic of Ireland) was created in 1922.
As far as I can tell it doesn't seem to match any time period, the borders are all accurate for any time frame in between the sort of late 60's and early 90's, but the colour scheme doesn't match anything.
No Oman (751 ce) but has Niger (1960)?
It's a stylized map meant to look good, but isn't accurate. Bangladesh isn't even a part of Pakistan, let alone an independent country.