When was the first concerted academic effort made to translate texts from an earlier period?

by TheVegetaMonologues
TheGreenReaper7

What do you mean by 'academic'? Conducted by people at universities? For the purposes of academic study? Would medieval theologians or Renaissance clerks translating Ancient Greek texts into Latin constitute the same thing? What about Norman scribes translating Anglo-Saxon laws into Latin? Or only translation into modern vernaculars?