Modern diaspora communities do not determine land claims by the PRC. For the claims that are/have been made, there is an historical component to it. No Chinese state has ever had any control over or relationship with Hawai'i, so there's not historical precedent. Some claims which do exist may be on somewhat shaky historical foundations, such as Arunachal Pradesh being a part of Tibet, which was "liberated" because it used to be part of "China" as a tribute state to the Yuan. Recently some academics have made a similar claim over Rykukyu based on a past tribute relationship, however the Central Government has rejected that.

The Hawaiian Islands were annexed by the U.S. in 1898. Between 1898 and the present, there has never been a point when the U.S. military wasn't vastly superior to the Chinese military, so China would have no chance of acquiring Hawaii after that date.

During the window between 1866 (Sun Yat-sen's birth) and 1898, China was in a very weak position in the world. Having lost the Opium Wars and being generally bullied around by the European colonial powers, China was not in any position to expand or assert itself during those years.

Historically China hasn't really attempted to expand it's borders past what we think as China, instead preferring the vassal state system ( countries that would provide tribute, and that were provided protection. Examples include Vietnam, Laos, and Korea) at one point the Pescadores (a chain of islands near Taiwan) were effectively taken over by pirates and China's first response was " Why bother? It's too far away from anything I want." Modern China is a very different animal, and by the time this militaristic dominant China came about, Hawaii was firmly under the influence of it's biggest rival, the USA.