Yes. After the Italian surrender, German forces located and freed Mussolini from the Italians holding him. He was moved to Northern Italy and with German backing re-established a Fascist state, which was recognized by... well mainly the Germans. even Franco in Spain declined to recognize the legitimacy of this rump state.

They did raise an army. But by this point control of the country was firmly in German hands. The Italian Fascist soldiers were largely used to counter partisans, rather than to fight against the Allies. But at least four divisions (Italia, Littorio, Monterosa, and San Marco) fought alongside the Germans on the Gothic Line over the winter of 44-45.

At the same time the Allies raised the Italian co-belligerent army. And that had similar numbers of troops. Neither Italian army was very large and both had a hard time recruiting. But the addition of 4-6 divisions the Italians provided to each side were pretty important in a theatre where they might only have a dozen other divisions.