Pentacle (Wicca, among other neopagan religions, stands for the five elements--earth, air, fire, water, spirit--among other things)

Spiral on skull's head (reincarnation, etc.)

Knife in right hand and the outer circle/serpent around the figure have the Younger Futhark of Norse runes, not sure what they're supposed to say.

Inner circle around figure has various symbols for zodiac signs.

Not sure what's on the hands, maybe just gibberish.

The outer border is just random Norse knotwork, not particularly neatly done.

Random stars, moon, sun, flames, scary-looking guy wearing a skull = probably somebody just wanted it to look cool. I mean, really, my whole impression of the thing is someone gave some 16 year old metalhead a Sharpie and said "Here, design something that would look cool as a back tattoo and we'll put it on a bandanna instead".

A nifty stylized piece of art with occult themes? The star in the middle is a pentacle. It looks like alchemy symbols in the rings around the pentacle. It looks like Elder Futhark (runes) in the ring around the alchemy ring. There's celtic knots in the border. Could be chaos magick, but it doesn't feel like it. I think it's someone's piece of art, as noted in the beginning.

You will be better off on /r/arthistory with that.